REACT1VATE

Contents

UNIT

1

2

3

GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY

Nouns / Articles / Quantifiers

Achievement
Prepositions

Crime and Punishment

Word Formation / Commonly Coníused Verbs
Urban Life

4

21

36

Idioms 1

54

Revievv 1 (Units 1-3)

55

4

Present Tenses / Future Forms
Education and Learning

58

5

Past Forms
Diet and Well-being

73

(S

Gerunds <5í Iníinitives
The World of Science

Idioms 2

85
99

Revievv 2 (Units 4-6)

100

7

Modals / Semi-modals / Modals Períect
Culture and Civỉlisation

103

8

Relative Clauses / Participle Clauses / Reduced Clauses
The Consumer of Today

117

Conditionals
Entertainment and The Arts

2

PAGE

130

Idioms 3

145

Revievv 3 (Units 7-9)

146

UNIT

10

11
12

GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY

Wishes / Regrets / Other Structures
Nature and Our Surroundings

Adjectives / Adverbs
Globetrotting
Reported Speech / The Subjunctive

The Working World

PAGE

149

163

181

Idioms 4

199

Revievv 4 (Units 10-12)

200

13
14

15

The Passive / The Causative

Matters of the Mind

Word order / Inversion / Cleft Sentences / Emphasis
Personality

Connectors & Conjunctions
House and Home

203

218

233

Idioms 5

246

Review 5 (Units 13-15)

247

Appendices

250

Irregular Verbs

255

Spelling Rules

257

Phrasal Verbs

258

Notes

26©

3

Nouns / Articles / Quantiíiers
NOUNS
There are different types of noun.
Concrete nouns
(things that can be touched, heard, seen, smelled or tasted)

fur, noise, tree, meal, drink, etc

Abstract nouns
[things that represent a quality, a State or an idea)

beauty, curiosity, ability, education, culture, etc

Proper nouns
(names used for specitic things, spelled with an initial Capital letter)

Patrick, Paris, November, dupiter, etc

Nouns can be countable or uncountable.
Countabie nouns
• They can be singular or plural.

a book > three books
one photo > fifty photos

• The plural form usually ends in -s, -es and -ies.

toy > toys
fox > íoxes
vvatch > vvatches
baby > bab/es

• Some plural íorms are irregular. (See Appendix 4 on page 252
for more nouns with irregular torms.)

man > men
wife > wives
foot > feet

Uncountable nouns
• They do not take a/an and have no plural form.

• They incỉude the following:
- groups made up of related items

His advice vvas helptul.
He gave me lots of intormation.
furniture, clothing, equipment, fruit, rubbish, money,
traffic, luggage, etc

- languages and tields of study

French, Spanish, Italian, history, biology, literature, etc

- sports, pastimes, leisure

baseball, cricket, football, etc

- substaiỴces and materials

water, butter, hydrogen, metal, petrol, etc

- actions/activities

jogging, reading, meditating, etc

- abstract nouns

death, news, advice, knowledge, proof, etc

- natural phenomena

lightning, light, rain, humidity, electricity, etc

• They can be itemised or 'counted' with other nouns such as
piece, item, bit, slice, litre, jar, glass, etc.

a piece of advice, a bit of cheese, a slice of cake, a litre
oívvater, ữ jar ofjam, a glass ofjuice, etc

NOUNS ENDING IN -S
Some uncountable nouns end in -s and yet they take a
singular verb.

4

- illnesses: measles, diabetes, mumps
■ sports and games: aerobics, gymnastics, billiards
- areas of study: physics, politics
- abstract ideas: thanks, news
- teelings: happiness, loneliness

Mumps is an illness that makes the neck svvollen and paintul.
Billiards is his tavourite game and he's pretty good at it.
Physics is a popular subject at this university.
Loneliness is a common problem for elderly people living on
their own.

Some nouns reter to one object having two parts and take a
plural verb: jeans, shorts, tights, trousers, glasses, scissors,
scales, etc.

These scissors are blunt. Have you got a sharper pair?
Those glasses look great on you!

When a specitic measurement is the subject of a sentence,
it takes a singular verb even if the measurement is pỉural.

Three hours was a long time to wait.
Two miles isn't too far to walk.
Fifteen minutes is what it normally takes to cycle to work.

Some nouns are more common in the plural form and
take a plural verb: goods, remains, stairs, facilities,
reíreshments, ruins, etc.

The stairs were very steep and ditticult for Grandad to climb.
Facilities for young people are excellent in this town.
Refreshments are available during the interval.

Grammar

COMPOUND NOUNS
In compound nouns, the tirst word classihes the second word
and is usually singular.

a car park (= somewhere to park your car)
(a cars park X)
a mountain climber (= someone who climbs mountains)
(a mountains climber X)

Common combinations are:

-noun + noun
- noun + verb
- verb + noun

bedroom, vvater tank, credit card
haircut, sky-diving, dog walker
washing machine, driving licence, boxing ring

COLLECT1VE NOUNS
Collective nouns reter to a group of people, animals or objects.
We can usually use a singular or plural verb aíter these nouns
depending on vvhether we are considering the noun as one entity or
as a group of individual people, animals or objects.

My tamily is Corning to vìsit this summer.
(= They are travelling as one unit.)
My family are very Creative.
(= Each person in my íamily is very Creative.)

Some collective nouns ịpolice, folk, cattle) alvvays take a plural verb.

The police have arrested the gang leader.
Folk are complaining about his lack of talent

Adjectives used as collective nouns alvvays take a plural verb.

The elderly are more vulnerable than other citizens.
The famous otten buy houses in this part of London.

k

ALERT!
Some nouns can be both countable and uncountable, but with a change in meaning. See Appendix 5 on
pages 253-254 for examples.
There is a wood on the other side of the river.
This table is made of wood.

THE INDEFÍNITE ARTICLE (A/AN)
USE

o with singular countable nouns

a burger, a unitorm, an egg, an MP3 player

• with nouns that have not been mentioned betore or are
non-specific

Jill bought a book.
I had an omelette for lunch.

• with proíessions, nationalities, jobs

Chris is a lawyer.
Marie is an Italian.
]'m a chef.

• to reter to One example in a larger group such as a
proíession or species

Ít takes many years of study to become a barrister.
An orca is part of the dolphin tamily.

• vvith a proper noun when we are not íamiliar with the
person in question

Do you know a James Carter? He's sent me a birthday card.
There's a Marion at the door. She wants to speak to you.

• with certain abstract nouns in a specitic context: horror,
dislike, love, hatred, fear, knowledge, cnvareness, etc

He has a hatred of spiders!
She has a fear of heights.

• with large numbers and íractions

This dress cost a thousand pounds!
The price had been reduced by a third.

• with expressions of quantity

There are a lot of people here today.
I'd like a kilo oígrapes, please.

• for trequency and speed

I have my hair cut once a month.
The car was travelling at one hundred miles an hour.

k
'

EXAMPLE

ALERT!
A/an has a similar meaning to one. Hovvever, it does not alvvays mean the same thing.
Terrific Tees has a black T-shirt in Large. (= The shop may have more than one; the exact number isn't important.)
Territic Tees has one black T-shirt in Large. (= The shop only has one T-shirt in this size and colour combination.)

UN1T 1

5

UoẵỉÈ 1
THE DEFINITE ARTICLE (THE}
I USE

EXAMPLE

• with countable and uncountable nouns

the tree, the flowers
the music, the atmosphere

• to reíer to nouns that have been mentioned betore

Jill bought a book. The book was on vegetarian cooking.

• to reter to something specitic, or something that is known to
the lỉstener

The man who is sitting next to Mia is an actor.
The government are bringing in new measures.
The media is to blame for the star's fall from grace.
The police are investigating the disappearance of a
young woman.
l'm going to the supermarket.
Can you put these magazines in the living room?

• with single nouns to reter to a generic characteristic of the
whole group or species (tormal)

The male peacock is a visually impressive bird.
Sadly, the dodo is now extinct.

• vvith adjectives vvhen we reter to a group of people

Even the rích are attected by these measures.

• with nationality adjectives that end in -ch, -sh, ese, and -s [For
other nationalities we must use a plural noun.)

Jacob says the Swiss are less hospitable than the Greeks.

• with things that are unique

The sky was fulI of ominous dark clouds.
The World Health Organisation was established in 1948.

• with geographical names and the physical environment

We strolled along the River Seine.
The Andes are in South America.
We went camping in the mountains.
Have you ever been to the desert?

• with the names of some countries, newspapers, cinemas,
theatres, etc

\Ne visited the USA last summer.
My parents read The Telegraph.
What's on at The Odeon?
I'm theatre manager at The Globe.

• with some torms of media [art/entertainment]

Let's go to the cinema.
Would you like to come to the theatre with me?
Do you ever listen to the radio?

• with thề superlative and some other grammatical structures

Was yesterday the hottest day of the year?
The longer I wait, the more trustrated 1 become.
The only thing 1 ask is that you act cautiously.
The last thing she remembers is banging her head.
It's the right thing to do!

• with musical Instruments and dances

Does he play the violin well?
Have you ever danced the tango?

• with time, date (when spoken), periods of time

in the atternoon, during the day (NB: at night}
Today is the sixth ofJune.
It took place in the nineteenth century.

NO ARTICLE

6

USE

EXAMPLE

• with plural countable and uncountabie nouns to
reter to something in general

Tourists otten buy souvenirs to remind them of places they've visited.
Adding cheese to a dish can make all the ditterence.

• with abstract nouns

Music helps me to unvvind at the end of the day.
AI! you need is love.

• vvith names and titles

Maria is married to dason.
Maureen Helston lives next door to my aunt.
MrJohnson is our English teacher.

• names of shops and companies

Harrods is in Knightsbridge.
My son's dream is to work for Apple.
Jenny has a Saturdayjob at Waterstones.

Grammar

• with countries, continents, towns, cities,
mountains, lakes, islands,

Have you ever been to France?
Austria is in Europe.
I've lived in Liverpool all my life.
Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
Lake Como is in Italy.
Phil is going to Sicily on holiday this year.

• with languages and íields of study

Does Kim speak Japanese?
Medicine is a challenging degree to study for.

• with meals, sports, games, colours, pastimes

What shall we have for lunch?
My daughter plays cricket for her school.
1 thoroughly enjoyed learning chess.
Pink is Laura's tavourite colour.
Pam loves jigsaw puzzles.

• with illnesses and diseases

Jodie has pneumonia. She won't be at work this week.
Measles is not as common as it used to be.

• with the words bed, church, college, home, prison,
school, university, work when we reter to their
tunction

Marcus was tound guilty and now he's in prison.
(NB: Marcus' mother goes to visit him at the prison once a week.)
The children are at school. (NB: Is there a college in this town?)

• with materials and substances

This shirt is made of cotton and polyester.
Olive oil is good for you.
Do you like butter in your sandvviches?

• with expressions to do with transport

My tather travels to work by train.
Peté' is atraid of flying, so he won't travel anyvvhere by plane.

QUANTIFIERS
Singular noun

Plural noun

Uncountable noun

no

no cup

no glasses

no milk

none of the

-

none of the tickets

none of the luggage

each (of the)

each student

each of the students

-

every (one of)

every chair

every one of the chairs

-

either (of the)

either child

either of the children

-

neither (of the)

neither bus

neither of the buses

-

many/much

-

many sites

much intormation

(a) few/little

-

(a) few decisions

(a) little help

some

-

some watches

some jewellery

several

-

several people

-

most (of the)

most of the room

most hotels

most travel

more

-

more cups

more time

a lot of/lots of

-

a lot of/lots of cars

another

another book

-

a lot of/lots of traííic
-

both

-

both bags

-

half the

half the recipe

half the ingredients

half the food

any

any idea

any thoughts

any emotion

all

-

all sweets

all sugar

UNIT 1

7

— Unit 1
MORE ABOUT QUANTIFIERS
I USE

EXAMPLE

We can use oíthe with most quantitiers to
make the plural or uncountable noun refer
to something specitic rather than something
general.

Some paintings are very valuable.
(= paintings in general)
Some oỉthe paintings were stolen.
(= a collection of specitic paintings)
Most tourists love sightseeing.
(= tourists in general)
Most of the tourists enjoyed the trip to Knossos.
(= a specitic group of tourists)

When the meaning is obvious, we can use
most quantitiers vvithout the noun. (This is not
possible with no and every.)

Two men were arrested. Both were held overnight in the police station.
All students íound the exam extremely difficult and a few couldn't answer
any questions at all.
Five cars were stolen. None were recovered.

When each, either and much are used as
subjects, they take a singular verb.

There are five cars. Each is vvorth over £100,000.
Of the two dresses you tried on, either is suitable for a vvedding.
£3,000 has been given to charity this week. Much of it was raised by
children at the local school.

When both, several, a few and many are used
as subjects, they take a plural verb.

Clive's parents were at the hospital during his operation. Both were
anxious to speak to the doctor afterwards.
We've had a lot of candidates show interest in the position. Several are
being interviewed today. A few have been short-listed already.
Wẹ are introducing a signing-in policy for our employees because many
arrive late to work most mornings.

When any, half, some, a lot/lots and all are
used as subjects, they take a singular or plural
verb depending on the noun they replace.

We don't know much yet, so any intormation /s vvelcome.
Any of your íriends are welcome to come to the party.
There was a fire at the íurniture shop and ữ lot of turniture was
damaged. Half was completely destroyed. Hovvever, some pieces were
saved because they were in a different showroom.
All food is to be consumed in the designated areas.

When neither and none are used with plural
nouns, they can take a singular or a plural verb.
(Using a singular verb is more íormal.)

Neither of the explanations 1 gave was/were correct.
None of the students was/were able to make the experiment work.

Each reters to two or more people or things
vvhereas every reíers to three or more. Every
cannot be used when there are only tvvo people
or things.

There are two lawyers and twelve members of the jury in court.
The judge listened caretully to each lawyer.

We can use any with a singular noun to mean 'it
doesn't matter which'. We can also use some in
this way, but it usually has an impolite, 'couldn't
care less' kind of meaning.

Take any book; l've read all of them.
(= it doesn't matter vvhich book)
I saw her talking to some girl at school.
(= 1 don't know or care which girl)
My cousin bought me a CD of some band l've never even heard of betore.
(= 1 don't know the band and 1 don't care about it)

We often use some to emphasise an
exclamation.

That's some outtit you're vvearing! You look tantastic!
That's some house he lives in; it must have twenty rooms!

The judge listened caretully to each member of the jury.
The judge listened caretully to every member of the jury.

ALERT!
• A few and a little mean 'some, a small number/amount of. Hovvever, few and little mean 'not enough of.
There is a little time left. If you're quick, you'll get there before the shop closes.
There is little time left; I doubt our team will score a goal now.
There are a few places left on the excursion. If you book now, you should get one.
Few participants have signed up for the seminar. Do you thinh we should postpone it?
• We can use few and little with nouns that have a negative meaning (disabilities, problems, trouble, diffículties, etc).
In such cases, the overall meaning of the sentence becomes positive.
There was little trouble at the tootball match last Saturday. (= There wasn't much trouble.)
There are few illnesses that modern medicine is unable to cure. (= There aren't many illnesses that modern medicine
can't cure.)
8

Grammar

■■M
Grammar in Action

A

Complete the sentences with the correct present simple or past simple form of the verb be.

asked for, but I must admit that it was helpíul.

1

His advice

2

The tacilities at the sports centre

3

Do you think these trousers

that good; I really think they could be improved.

too tight?

asking for anyone with any intormation about the crime to come forward.

4 The police

5

Passers-by

6

£60

7

The Netherlands

8

Both my mother and my tather

9

Each child

shocked by the aggressive behaviour of two young men.
much to pay for a good pair of shoes when you consider that they'll last for several years.

a beautitui country and l'd love to visit it one day.
from a small town in Scotland.

going to talk about his or her painting.

a subject which has never interested me.

10

Physics

11

These scissors

12

Diabetes

13

His ability to remember dates, facts and numbers

14

We were late because the traffic in the centre of town

useless - they won't even cut this paper properly.
not an easy condition to live vvith.

prodigious!

terrible.

Complete the sentences vvith the singular or plural íorm of these words. Use each vvord tvvice. Add an
article if necessary.

beauty

cheese

íailure

noise

paper

room

1

Their new flat has five

2

There vvere some strange

3

Larry has just bought himselí a Honda Atrica Twin - it's!

4

Don't add

not including the bathroom and kitchen.
Corning from the cupboard - our cat had got shut inside it!

until the very end, or it vvill burn.
on developing world economics at the World Business Forum.

5

Richard is presenting

6

l'm aíraid the music testival vvas

7

At the end of the meal, we were served vvith a variety of French

8

Could you put these T-shirts into your case? There's no

9
10

as very few people came to any of the concerts.
in mine.

Monica Bellucci is tamous for her acting skills and for her timeless

We seem to have run out of

for the printer.

11

from the machines was so ioud that vve couldn't hear each other speak.

12

is an inevitable part of life, but you rnusúTt let it get you down.

UNIT 1

9

Unit 1
c

Circle the correct vvords.

D

l'm allergic to chocolate / chocolates, so I can't try your cake.
Let's buy Mum a box of chocolate / chocolates for her birthday.

1

a
b

2

a Travelling around India for three months was an experience / experience ru never íorget.
b I regret to iníorm you that your lack of experience / experiences has precluded you from the tinal candidate
selection.

3

a Would you like a toast / some toast and honey for breaktast?
b l'd like to make a toast / toast to the happy couple - good health and a long life to you!

4

a My tavourite game was marble / marbles and I used to have a collection of more than thirty.
b The kitchen counter is made of imported Italian marbles / marble.

5

a A group of youths / youth was hanging around the shopping centre.
b Ben regrets that he vvasted his youth / a youth partying instead of getting a decent

6

a Michelangelo put in hundreds of hours of work / vvorks painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome.
b Some of the greatest work / vvorks of art can be seen in the Louvre Museum in Paris.

7

a A Vision / Vision ìs the sense vvhich I vvould most hate to lose.
b Gandhi promoted a Vision / Vision of India free of religious and political divisions.

8

a In the intervievv, l vvas asked to outline my strengths / strength as a person and as a íournalist.
b Jeremy was so depressed after losing the championship that sometimes he didn't have the strength /
a strength to go on.

education.

Read the sentences and make compound nọuns.

1

The contidence vvhich you feel in yourselt

2

The light which comes from the moon

3

A snake which makes a rattling noise

4 A board which you can use to skate with
5

The Central bone in your back

6

A centre for playing ditíerent sports

7

The room where you change your clothes in a shop

8 A person who is tvvelve years old

E

Complete the sentences with a, an, the or no article (-).

1

There is___ plethora of restaurants lining

2

VVould you agree that

3

Cubans have

peacock possesses unrivalled

reputation for being great

Jade is not at all academic and I doubt sheTl apply to

4

lf you think

5

Alps are avve-inspiring, you should see

6 We're pianning a holiday to
hoping to get
good price.

l'm interested in learning how to play

8

Let's arrange holiday in
Tovver.

She has

11

It is imperative that

12

There's

14

10

3

I visit

I íound

dancers.

university.
Mount Everest up close.

cello;music has alvvays been

France, including a few days in

travel agent, we're

great love of mine.

Paris and a trip up

Eittel

cinema this evening, but we can't decide whether to go on

passion for expensive tabrics;silk is her tavourite.

10

1

outing to

beauty?

Seychelles next summer and as my husband is

7

9 We're going on
to take
train.

Rome.

River Tiber in

travellers to

Katy Winters on
private dentist once

lot of

Aírica be vaccinated against

phone for you; she says she's from

year and each examination costs

dìrty clothes under

bed.

Yellow Fever.
Waterstones book shop.

hundred pounds.

foot or

Grammar

F

Ị

Complete the text vvith a, the or -

Giannis Antetokounmpo's rise to fame
Giannis Antetokounmpo, (1)protessional basketball player who became (2)Greek citizen in 2013,
now plays for (3)Milwaukee Bucks in (4)USA.

He is (5)son of (6)Nigerian immigrants who was born in (7)Athens and he is renovvned for
his astounding skills on (8)court.
Giannis was raised in (9)neighbourhood of Sepolia and like many of his fellow immigrants, his parents

struggled to make ends meet. His career as (10)basketball player started in 2007 and (11)mere
two years ỉater, he was playing competitively for (12)Rlathlitikos.
In April 201 3, Giannis succeeded in becoming eligible for the 2013 NBA dratt and three months later, he signed

(13)contract vvith them. His hard vvork and dedication had paved (14)way for his meteoric rise
to fame.
_______________ _ _____ _ __________________________________________________ .

G

H

Choose the correct ansvvers.
1

Word has it that Iron Man and Civil War are both
remarkable films, but I haven't seen__ of them.
a any
b either

6 You'lI need to put in__ time and effort if you're
going to complete this project on your own.
a a lot of
b much

2

There are plenty of talented young players
out there, hovvever,__ actually make it as
proíessionals.
a few
b a few

7

3

We will ensure that__ teachers receive a
certiticate of attendance for the annual vvorkshop.
a every
b all

8 __ member of this team is permitted to cheat at
any time.
a No
b Each

4

Quite _í_ of the interns appear to be extremely
ambitiỏùs!
a few
b a few

9

5 __ the suggestions that you made was adopted by
the board l'm atraid.
a Neitherot
b Halfof

10

__ people at the meeting expressed their
dissatistaction with the presidents handling of the
matter.
a Any
b Several

The good news__ that the dance testival vvill go
ahead as planned.
a are
b is

Both tvvins__ thrilled to see each other atter
having been separated for so long.
a were
b was

Complete the text vvith one word in each gap.

The delights of pasta
In recent years, many have disputed (1)origins of pasta. (2)
people claim that its roots lie in China, others insist that Italy is (3)birthplace
of this internationally-tamous food and yet others believe that (4)of the two
atorementioned theories (5)true, claiming instead that (6)Middle East
is ìts real place of origin.

Nonetheless, it is M/idely accepted that the development and adoption of pasta as (7)_____
simple yet staple food is (8)Italian affair. In fact, (9)tirst reíerence to pasta dates
back to (10)twelfth century - 1154 in fact - and to Sicily to be more speciíic.
Pasta is (11)kind of noodle, mixed with water or eggs and subsequently tormed into sheets that are cut

into (12)manner of shapes and sizes. The advantage for today's busy tamilies, is that it requires almost
(13)effort in terms of preparation and there are (14)of ditíerent sauces you can serve with it.
(15)pasta dishes are eaten as a íirst course, vvhilst others serve as a main course in Italian cuisine.

UNIT 1

11

Cambridge in Action
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given.
Do not change the word given. You must use betvveen three and six vvords, including the word given.

1

The two candidates who applied for the post didn't have the necessary qualitications.
NEITHER

Two candidates applied for the post, but
qualitications.
2

As she gets older, she becomes more resilient.
THE
The older

3

the necessary

resilient she becomes.

Nearly all the students managed to passed their final exams.
OF

Most.---------------------------------------------------------------------------- in passing their final exams.
4

All his ideas were a dismal tailure.
ONE

Every----------------------------------------------------------------------------- a dismal tailure.
5

How much íurniture vvill the removal men hầve to carry?
ITEMS
How----- —-------------------------------------------------------------------- vvill the removal men have to carry?

6

lt's OK to wait two hours for tickets.
LONG

Two hours
7

vvait for tickets.

Cạroline teaches English at a private school.
IS
Caroline-----------------------------------------------------------------------------at a private school.

8

They can't prove that Celia took the money.
NO

There----- —-------------------------------------------------------------------- that Celia took the money.

12

Grammar

Michigan in Action
Choose the ansvver that best completes the conversation or sentence.

1

Those shorts__ suitable for a job intervievv; they're
símply too casual.
a isn't
b aren't
c haven't
d doiít

11

'I can't find my glasses! Have you seen__ anywhere?'
'No, sorry.'
a those
b it
c them
d someotthem

2

'How long is__ River Thames?'
'Sorry, I don't know.'
a the
b c a
d that

12

'This heatvvave is terrible, isn't ít?'
'Yes. What we really need__ rain.'
a are a little
b is a little
c is little
d is much

3

__
a
b
c
d

13

A
a
b
c
d

4

Basketball is__ sport that is very popular in the USA:
a b the
c a
d some

14

l've been__ all day and l'm so bored!
a at a home
b in house
c atthehome
d at home

5

__
a
b
c
d

is the only cure for one of my bad headaches.
Some silence
A silence
The silence
Silence

15

Do you want to join me for__ ?
a a lunch
b lunch
c the lunch
d any lunch

6

The turniture was all imported from Italy; they must
have spent__ money on it.
a many
b much
c lots of
da few

16

__ can sometimes get themselves into trouble
because they're such curious animais.
a Cats
b The cats
c A cat
d The cat

7

'Did you enjoy your meal?'
'Yes, thank you.__ dish I chose vvas delicious.'
a Some
b One
c A
d The

17

Gemma told us about her chiidhood and it was__
very touching story.
a the
b one
ca
d any

8

__ your luggage on the counter?
a Are those
b Is that
c Are that
d Is those

18

__ Russian is a language l'm very keen to learn.
a Some
b Those
c The
d -

9

__
up
a
c

19

There are__ opportunities for graduates these days,
so you should settle for what you are ottered.
a little
b any
c some
d few

10

Catherine has__ protound knovvledge of adverse
vveather conditions; she has conducted a large
amount of research on the topic.
a ba
c the
d some

20

There wasn't enough evidence to prosecute Tamara;
__ of the intormation provided proved to be talse.
a many
b much
c several
d another

tend to feel the cold more than younger people.
Elderly
The elderly
The elderly people
Elderly persons

the guests vvanted to stay late so the party broke
at eleven.
None
b Nobody of
None of
d Not one

medal was given to__ the many participants.
each of
every
some
neither of

UNIT 1

13

ACHIEVEMENT
Vocabulary in Action
Match the phrasal verbs 1-10 vvith the detinitions a-i.
waltz through

a

be a success (for a business/trend/etc )

2

pan out

b

manage to succeed, but only just

3

go up against

c

[of a plan/project/etc) fail, not be a success

4

take off

d

succeed in passing a test/exam/etc vvithout any effort

5

knuckle down

e

begin to work hard/try harder (after a period of not vvorking hard/trying)

6

pull (sth) off

f

face a very ditticult obstacle/opponent/situation

7

fall through

g

succeed in achieving sth diííicult (a project/plan)

8

scrape through

h

stop giving attention to sth/sb you are sure vvill tail

i

go the way you had planned

1

9 write (sth/sb) off

Complete the sentences vvith the correct form of the phrasal verbs from exercise A.

1

1'11 never win a prize for my abilities in maths, but I can just about

2

Up until now you've done very little revision or preparation for your exams and if you don't
, you'll find yourselt kicked out of college at the end of this term.

3

Georgia is the best chess player on our tearh, but she'll be
players in the country, so I don't know if she'll manage to win the tournament.

an exam.

some of the top

4 We were planning to buy new sports equipment for