Tìm kiếm Giáo án
Âm nhạc 10

- 0 / 0
(Tài liệu chưa được thẩm định)
Nguồn:
Người gửi: Đào Thị Trà
Ngày gửi: 09h:08' 02-01-2025
Dung lượng: 16.5 MB
Số lượt tải: 0
Nguồn:
Người gửi: Đào Thị Trà
Ngày gửi: 09h:08' 02-01-2025
Dung lượng: 16.5 MB
Số lượt tải: 0
Số lượt thích:
0 người
HỒ NGỌC KHẢI (Tổng Chủ biên)
NGUYỄN THỊ NGỌC DUNG (Chủ biên)
TRẦN ĐỨC – LÊ MINH PHƯỚC – TRẦN HOÀNG THỊ ÁI CẦM
ÂM NHẠC
10
HỒ NGỌC KHẢI (Tổng Chủ biên)
NGUYỄN THỊ NGỌC DUNG (Chủ biên)
TRẦN ĐỨC – LÊ MINH PHƯỚC – TRẦN HOÀNG THỊ ÁI CẦM
ÂM NHẠC
10
+óĽ1*'Ş16ʼn'ĭ1*6¤&+
6iFKFKLDOjPSKҫQ
3KҫQ±.LӃQWKӭFFKXQJJӗPFKӫÿӅ0ӛLFKӫÿӅEDRJӗPÿҫ\ÿӫFiFPҥFK
QӝLGXQJFKtQKFӫDP{QÆPQKҥFĈӕLYӟLPҥFKQӝLGXQJQKҥFFөWKӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋX
JLiRYLrQKѭӟQJGүQKӑFVLQKVӱGөQJQKӳQJQKҥFFөÿmÿѭӧFKӑFӣFiFOӟSKӑF
WUѭӟFÿӇOX\ӋQWұSYjWKӇKLӋQFiFEjLWұSWURQJViFKJLiRNKRD
3KҫQ±3KѭѫQJiQOӵDFKӑQJӗPFiFEjLKӑFFyWtQKKӋWKӕQJYӅNLӃQWKӭF
NƭQăQJNƭWKXұWKiWYjQKҥFFө+ӑFVLQKFKӑQKӑFWURQJSKѭѫQJiQ+iWKRһF
1KҥFFөJXLWDUKRһFÿjQSKtPÿLӋQWӱ
ĈӇFiFHPGӉTXDQViWYjKӑFWұSFiFPҥFKQӝLGXQJFKtQKÿѭӧFPLQKKRҥTXD
KӋWKӕQJFiFNtKLӋXFөWKӇQKѭVDX
HÁT
1+Ҥ&&Ө
ĈӐ&1+Ҥ&
1*+(1+Ҥ&
/Ë7+8<ӂ7
Æ01+Ҥ&
7+ѬӠ1*7+Ӭ&
Æ01+Ҥ&
&iFKRҥWÿӝQJKӑFWұSӣWӯQJPҥFKQӝLGXQJÿѭӧFWKLӃWNӃWKHREӕQEѭӟF
EDRJӗP
0ӣÿҫX+RҥWÿӝQJNKӣLÿӝQJÿӇWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅ[iFÿӏQKYҩQÿӅQKLӋPYөFөWKӇ
FҫQJLҧLTX\ӃWWURQJEjLKӑFFiFKWKӭFJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅWKӵFKLӋQQKLӋPYөWURQJ
FiFKRҥWÿӝQJWLӃSWKHRFӫDEjLKӑF
+uQKWKjQKNLӃQWKӭFPӟL7KӵFKLӋQQKLӋPYөKӑFWұSÿӇFKLӃPOƭQKNLӃQWKӭFPӟL
JLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅWKӵFKLӋQQKLӋPYөÿһWUDWӯKRҥWÿӝQJ0ͷÿ̿X
/X\ӋQWұSÈSGөQJQKӳQJNLӃQWKӭFÿmÿѭӧFKӑFӣEѭӟF+uQKWKjQKNL͗Q
WKFPͳLSKiWWULӇQFiFNƭQăQJÿӇJLҧLTX\ӃWQKӳQJQKLӋPYөKӑFWұSFөWKӇ
9ұQGөQJ9ұQGөQJNLӃQWKӭFNƭQăQJÿmKӑFYjRQKӳQJWuQKKXӕQJFөWKӇ
WURQJWKӵFWLӉQ
0RQJFiFHPJL·JuQFXͩQViFKV̹FKÿ͑Sÿ͛ViFKWL͗SWͽFÿ́ͻF
V΅GͽQJͷFiFWK͗K͟KͥFVLQKVDXYjWL͗WNL͟PFKR[mKͱL
2
/ľ,1¶,ïŜ8
&iFHPKӑFVLQKWKkQPӃQ
7ӯQăPKӑF±P{QÆPQKҥFFKtQKWKӭFÿѭӧFWULӇQNKDLӣEұF7UXQJKӑF
SKәWK{QJOjP{QKӑFOӵDFKӑQGjQKFKRQKӳQJKӑFVLQKFyQJX\ӋQYӑQJÿӏQK
KѭӟQJQJKӅQJKLӋSOLrQTXDQÿӃQQJKӋWKXұWkPQKҥF
6iFKJLiRNKRDÆP QKҥF ± %ӝ ViFK &KkQ WUӡL ViQJ WҥRÿѭӧFELrQVRҥQ
QKҵP JL~S FiF HP KӑF VLQK Fy QJXӗQ KӑF OLӋX NKRD KӑF KӋ WKӕQJWKLӃWWKӵF
Yj KLӋQ ÿҥL ÿӇ KӑF WұS SKiW WULӇQ FiF SKҭP FKҩW QăQJ OӵF FKXQJ Yj QăQJ OӵF
kPQKҥFEӗLGѭӥQJWuQK\rXkPQKҥFYjWKӏKLӃXkPQKҥFOjQKPҥQKYӯDEҧRÿҧP
WtQK JLiR GөF SKә WK{QJ SK KӧS YӟL ÿLӅX NLӋQ JLiR GөF ӣ FiF ÿӏD SKѭѫQJ WURQJ
FҧQѭӟFYӯDÿiSӭQJQKXFҫXÿӏQKKѭӟQJQJKӅQJKLӋSFӫDKӑFVLQK
1KyPWiFJLҧPRQJUҵQJFXӕQViFKVӁPDQJÿӃQFKRFiFHPQJXӗQKӑFOLӋX
kPQKҥFWLQFұ\OjÿLӇPWӵDÿӇFiFHPWӵKӑFYjSKiWWULӇQ&K~FFiFHPKӑFWұS
WKjQKF{QJYjÿҥWÿѭӧFNӃWTXҧPRQJPXӕQ
1+Ï07È&*,Ҧ
3
0ĭ&/ĭ&
1ӝLGXQJ
7UDQJ
+ѭӟQJGүQVӱGөQJViFK
2
/ӡLQyLÿҫX
3+Ҫ1.,ӂ17+Ӭ&&+81*
4
&KӫÿӅ.KiWYӑQJWXәLWUҿ
6
+iW%jLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
7
1KҥFFө1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩXJLDLÿLӋXKRjkPFӫDFKӫÿӅ
8
ĈӑFQKҥF%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF4XmQJYjWtQKFKҩWFӫDTXmQJ
7KѭӡQJWKӭFkPQKҥF&iFJLDLÿRҥQOӏFKVӱkPQKҥFSKѭѫQJ7k\
1JKHQKҥF7UtFKÿRҥQ*LDRḰͷQJVͩWiFJLҧ-RVHSK+D\GQ
&KӫÿӅ7ULkQWKҫ\F{
+iW%jLKiW1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{
1KҥFFө1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩXJLDLÿLӋXKRjkPFӫDFKӫÿӅ
ĈӑFQKҥF%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥFĈLӋXWKӭF±*DP±*LӑQJ
22
7KѭӡQJWKӭFkPQKҥF0ӝWVӕÿһFÿLӇPFӫDkPQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
&KӫÿӅ4XrKѭѫQJWѭѫLÿҽS
+iW%jLKiW/tÿ̽WGzQJ
27
1KҥFFө1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩXJLDLÿLӋXKRjkPFӫDFKӫÿӅ
28
ĈӑFQKҥF%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF*LӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJYjJLӑQJ0LWKӭ
1JKHQKҥF1JKHEjL/tKRjLQDPGkQFD4XҧQJ7Uӏ±7KӯD7KLrQ
&KӫÿӅ*LDLÿLӋXKӳXQJKӏ
+iW%jLKiW&KLOGRIWKHXQLYHUVH7U͓HPFͿDWK͗JLͳL
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩXJLDLÿLӋXKRjkPFӫDFKӫÿӅ
ĈӑFQKҥF%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF&iFKӧSkPEDFKtQKFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJYjJLӑQJ0LWKӭ
1JKHQKҥF1JKHEjLKiW&k\WKXǤǴ˿QJ
3+Ҫ1/Ӵ$&+Ӑ1+È7
%jL7ѭWKӃYjKѫLWKӣWURQJFDKiW
%jL+iWOLӅQWLӃQJ
%jL+iWQҧ\WLӃQJ
%jL+iWOѭӟWQKDQKYjKiWOX\ӃQkP
3+Ҫ1/Ӵ$&+Ӑ11+Ҥ&&Ө
59
Ĉ¬13+Ë0Ĉ,ӊ17Ӱ
%jL/jPTXHQYӟLÿjQSKtPÿLӋQWӱ
%jL.ƭWKXұWÿjQUӡLWLӃQJ
%jL.ƭWKXұWÿjQOLӅQWLӃQJ
%jL.ƭWKXұWÿjQQҧ\WLӃQJ
%jL;iFÿӏQKWLӃWÿLӋXÿӋP
72
%jLĈӋPKiW
%jLĈӝFWҩX
78
%jL+RjWҩX
Ĉ¬1*8,7$5
%jL*LӟLWKLӋXÿjQJXLWDU±.ƭWKXұWEҩPJҧ\WUrQGk\
%jL&iFKEҧRTXҧQÿjQJXLWDU±.ƭWKXұWEҩPJҧ\WUrQGk\
88
%jL&iFKOrQGk\ÿjQJXLWDU±.ƭWKXұWEҩPJҧ\WUrQGk\
%jL.ƭWKXұWJҧ\PyFGk\YjEҩPKӧSkP
%jL0ӝWVӕWLӃWÿӋPÿLӋXSKәELӃQYjFiFKÿӋPWLӃWÿӋPÿLӋX:DOW]
%jL&iFKÿӋPWLӃWÿLӋX)R[
%jLĈӝFWҩX
%jL+RjWҩX
*LҧLWKtFKWKXұWQJӳ
5
.+È79Ӑ1*78Ә,75Ҿ
CHỦ ĐỀ
1
<Ç8&Ҫ8&Ҫ1ĈҤ7
Ì +iW+iWÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝYjOӡLFDFӫDEjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓GLӉQÿҥW
FҧP[~FSKKӧSYӟLWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFELӃWNӃWKӧSKuQKWKӭFÿѫQFDYjWӕSFD
Ì 1KҥFFө%LӃWNӃWKӧSQKҥFFөJ}WLӃWWҩXÿӇÿӋPFKREjLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
%LӃWKRjWҩXQKҥFFөJLDLÿLӋXYjKRjkP
Ì ĈӑFQKҥFĈӑFÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝFӫD%jLÿͥFQK̹FVͩ
Ì /tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF1KұQELӃWÿѭӧFFiFTXmQJKRjWKDQKJLDLÿLӋXTXmQJÿѫQYj
TXmQJGLDWRQLF3KkQELӋWÿѭӧFWtQKFKҩWWKXұQQJKӏFKFӫDTXmQJ
Ì 7KѭӡQJWKӭFkPQKҥF1rXÿѭӧFYjLQpWYӅFiFJLDLÿRҥQOӏFKVӱkPQKҥF
WKӃJLӟLNӇÿѭӧFWrQPӝWVӕQKҥFVƭWLrXELӇXFӫDWӯQJJLDLÿRҥQ
Ì 1JKHQKҥF%LӃWOҳQJQJKHYjELӇXOӝFҧP[~FFҧPQKұQÿѭӧFYҿÿҽSJLiWUӏ
QJKӋWKXұWFӫDWUtFKÿRҥQFKѭѫQJ*LDRḰͷQJVͩFӫD-RVHSK+D\GQ
6
HÁT
1JKHYjQrXFҧPQKұQFӫDHPYӅEjLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
.+È79Ӑ1*78Ә,75Ҿ
1K̩FYjOͥL9NJ+RjQJ
1K͓SÿL±7U̯PKQJ
%,
&! %
/ - %* '(
"
!
#$
"
+ )
40 #
3
.-
*
.
5 #
12 0
T
"
T
%jLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓ÿѭӧFQKҥFVƭ9NJ+RjQJViQJWiFQăPWKHRWKӇ
ORҥLKjQKNK~FWLӃWWҩXWK~FJLөFJLDLÿLӋXV{LQәLYjNKtWKӃ1ӝLGXQJOӡLFDWKӇKLӋQ
QKLӋWKX\ӃWKRjLEmRYjѭӟFPѫÿӇFӕQJKLӃQVӭFPuQKFKXQJWD\[k\GӵQJÿҩWQѭӟF
%jLKiWÿѭӧFFKLDWKjQKKDLÿRҥQQKҥFÿRҥQJӗPQKӏSFKLDOjPFkXFkXFy
QKӏSFkXFyQKӏSÿRҥQJӗPFkXQKҳFOҥLPӛLFkXQKӏS
(PKm\TXDQViWYjFKӍUDFiFkPKuQKWLӃWWҩXÿѭӧFOһSOҥLWURQJÿRҥQFӫDEjLKiW
7
7ұSKiWEjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
+iWEjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓YӟLKuQKWKӭFWӕSFDKRһFÿӗQJFDӣÿRҥQYjÿѫQFD
ӣÿRҥQ
(PFQJEҥQGjQGӵQJYjELӇXGLӉQEjLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
1+Ҥ&&Ө
1JKHYjP{SKӓQJPӝWVӕPүXWLӃWWҩXӣQKӏS 2 EҵQJWUӕQJQKӓGjLQKӏS
WLӃWWҩXÿHQÿѫQOһQJÿHQOһQJÿѫQ
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩX
6ӱGөQJQKҥFFөJ}ÿӇOX\ӋQWұSKDLPүXWLӃWWҩXVDX
0үX0үX
7KDQK
phách
7UӕQJQKӓ
7KDQK
phách
7UӕQJQKӓ
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋX
7KӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋXVDXEҵQJQKҥFFөSKKӧS
8
1K͓SÿL
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQKRjkP
7KӇKLӋQFiFKӧSkPVDXEҵQJÿjQXNXOHOH
$P
Dm
(
1ӕLWLӃSFiFKӧSkPWKHRkPKuQKWLӃWWҩX
'ҩX WD\SKҧLJҧ\[XӕQJ
+RjWҩXQKҥFFөWKHRPүXVDX
1KҥFFө
WKӇKLӋQ
JLDLÿLӋX
8NXOHOH
(PKm\FQJEҥQJ}ÿӋPFKREjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓WKHRPүXWLӃWWҩXVDX
1K͓SÿLWU̯PKQJ
+iW
#
$
7KDQKSKiFK
7UӕQJQKӓ
"
!
9
t /XkQSKLrQVӱGөQJFiFQKҥFFөJ}NKiFQKDXNKLÿӋPKiW
t 6ӱGөQJSKҫQKRjWҩXQKҥFFөOjPFkXQKҥFGҥRÿҫXFKREjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
(P Km\ FQJ EҥQ YұQ GөQJ FiF PүX WLӃW WҩX ÿm KӑF ÿӇ J} ÿӋP FKR EjL
.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
/jPQKҥFFөJ}EҵQJFӕFQѭӟFWҥLQKj
&KX́QEͣFӕFWKXӹWLQKPӓQJFyNtFKFӥJLӕQJQKDXWKuDEҵQJNLPORҥLEuQK
ÿӵQJQѭӟFFӕFÿROѭӡQJ
7KΉFKL͟Q6ҳS[ӃSFӕFWKXӹ
WLQK WKҷQJ KjQJ ÿә QѭӟF YjR
FӕF YӟL FiF OѭӧQJ QѭӟF NKiF
QKDX WKHR QJX\rQ WҳF OѭӧQJ
QѭӟF WăQJ OrQ EҵQJ QKDX 9t
Gө%ҳWÿҫXYӟLOѭӧQJQѭӟF
WURQJ FӕF ÿҫX WLrQ VDX ÿy ÿә
ÿҫ\PӛLFӕFWLӃSWKHRVDRFKRFy
OѭӧQJ QѭӟF QKLӅX KѫQ FӕF
OLӅQWUѭӟF
'QJ WKuD EҵQJ NLP ORҥL J}
YjRWKjQKFӕFYjOҳQJQJKHkP
WKDQKSKiWUD&ҧPQKұQÿӝOӟQ
FӫDTXmQJJLDLÿLӋXÿѭӧFWҥRUDNKLJ}WKuDYjRWKjQKFӕFQѭӟF
7KD\ÿәLOѭӧQJQѭӟFWURQJPӛLFӕF1KұQ[pWYӅPӕLWѭѫQJTXDQJLӳDOѭӧQJ
QѭӟFWURQJFӕFYjFDRÿӝkPWKDQKSKiWUD
7UDRÿәLFKLDVҿYӟLEҥQYӅFҧPQKұQkPWKDQKFӫDQKҥFFөYjFQJWKX\ӃWWUuQK
NӃWTXҧWUѭӟFOӟS
10
ĈӐ&1+Ҥ&
1JKHYjQKҳFOҥLEҵQJkP³OD´FiFkPәQÿӏQKFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJ
ĈӑFJDPFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJ*PDMRU*GXU
ĈӑFFiFkPәQÿӏQKFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJ
ĈӑFTXmQJTXmQJWKHRKuQKWLӃWWҩX
*}WLӃWWҩX
%q
%q
t 6ӱGөQJQKҥFFөJ}KRһFYӛWD\WKHRWLӃWWҩXWӯQJEq
t &KLDQKyPWKӵFKLӋQEq
%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
%LrQVR̩Q+͛1J͕F.K̫L
11
6ӱGөQJ0үXKRһF0үXӣSKҫQ1K̹FFͽWK͛KL͟QWL͗WW̽XWUDQJÿӇJ}
ÿӋPFKR%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/Ë7+8<ӂ7
Æ01+Ҥ&
481*9¬7Ë1+&+Ҩ7&Ӫ$481*
/ҳQJQJKHPүXVDXYjQrXFҧPQKұQ
0үX
0үX
.KiLQLӋP4XmQJOjVӵNӃWKӧSÿӗQJWKӡLKRһFQӕLWLӃSFӫDKDLkPWKDQK
WURQJkPQKҥFWҥRQrQNKRҧQJFiFKJLӳDKDLFDRÿӝÆPWKҩSOjkPJӕFkPFDR
OjkPQJӑQ
&iFORҥLTXmQJ
4XmQJJLDLÿLӋX+uQKWKjQKNKL
4XmQJKRjWKDQK+uQKWKjQKNKLKDL
KDLkPSKiWUDOҫQOѭӧWQӕLWLӃSQKDX kP SKiW UD FQJ O~F 4XmQJ KRj WKDQK Oj
4XmQJ JLDL ÿLӋX Oj PӝW WURQJ QKӳQJ \ӃXWӕÿӇKuQKWKjQKQrQKӧSkP
\ӃXWӕÿӇKuQKWKjQKJLDLÿLӋXkPQKҥF 9tGө4XmQJ6RQ±Ĉ{
9tGө4XmQJ/DÿLOrQĈ{TXmQJ6L
ÿL[XӕQJ3KD
4XmQJÿѫQ/jTXmQJÿѭӧF
4XmQJ GLDWRQLF &zQ JӑL Oj TXmQJ
FҩXWҥRWURQJSKҥPYLPӝWTXmQJWiP Fѫ EҧQ ÿѭӧF KuQK WKjQK Wӯ FiF EұF Fѫ
EҧQFӫDKjQJkPWURQJÿLӋXWKӭF
9tGө
12
9tGө
7tQKFKҩWFӫDTXmQJ
4XmQJWKXұQ/jQKӳQJTXmQJNKLkPWKDQKYDQJOrQQJKHrPWDLKjLKRj
9tGө
4XmQJ QJKӏFK /j QKӳQJ TXmQJ NKL kP WKDQK YDQJ OrQ QJKH FKyL WDL
NK{QJKjLKRj
9tGө
/ҩ\kPĈ{OjPkPJӕFKm\[k\GӵQJFiFTXmQJGLDWRQLFWURQJSKҥPYL
PӝWTXmQJWiP
t +m\QrXVӵNKiFQKDXJLӳDTXmQJJLDLÿLӋXYjTXmQJKRjWKDQK
t +m\QrXFҩXWҥRTXmQJÿѫQ
t +m\FKRELӃWWtQKFKҩWTXmQJWKXұQYjTXmQJQJKӏFK
+m\WuPFөPWӯӣOӡLFDFyJLDLÿLӋXTXmQJÿLOrQKRһFÿL[XӕQJWURQJEjL
KiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
7+ѬӠ1*7+Ӭ&
Æ01+Ҥ&
&È&*,$,Ĉ2Ҥ1/ӎ&+6ӰÆ01+Ҥ&3+ѬѪ1*7Æ<
(PKm\VѭXWҫPYjFKLDVҿYӟLFiFEҥQWrQPӝWVӕQKjVRҥQQKҥFQәLWLӃQJWUrQ
WKӃJLӟLPjHPELӃW
9jLQpWYӅFiFJLDLÿRҥQOӏFKVӱkPQKҥFSKѭѫQJ7k\
/ӏFKVӱkPQKҥFSKѭѫQJ7k\ÿѭӧFKuQKWKjQKYjSKiWWULӇQWKHRWӯQJJLDLÿRҥQ
YӟLVӵ[XҩWKLӋQFӫDQKLӅXWUѭӡQJSKiLSKRQJFiFKkPQKҥFYjFiFWiFJLҧ
WiFSKҭPWLrXELӇX
13
ÆPQKҥF1JX\rQWKXӹ
.KRҧQJWӯWKLrQQLrQNӍWKӭ,,,WUѭӟF&1
7ӯWKӇNӍWKӭ9,ÿӃQWKӃNӍWKӭ;9
ÆPQKҥFWKӡLQJX\rQWKXӹÿѭӧFFRLOj
kPQKҥFVѫNKDLFӫDQKkQORҥL
/jkPQKҥFFӫDWӯQJEӝWӝFWӵELrQWӵ
GLӉQFKѭDFykPQKҥFFKX\rQQJKLӋS
&KӃ WiF QKӳQJ QKҥF Fө ÿҫX WLrQ Oj
QKҥFFөJ}QKҥFFөKѫLOjPEҵQJÿi
[ѭѫQJÿӝQJYұWWUHQӭD
3KiWPLQKKӋWKӕQJNtkPWUrQ
GzQJNҿ
&DKiWJLӳYDLWUzFKӫÿҥR
+uQKWKjQKEDGzQJQKҥF'zQJ
QKҥF GkQ JLDQ GzQJ QKҥF W{Q
JLiRYjGzQJQKҥFTXêWӝF
ÆPQKҥFW{QJLiRSKiWWULӇQ
1KҥFFөÿjQRUJDQӕQJNqQ
ViRYӟLFiFFKҩWOLӋXNKiFQKDX
ÆPQKҥF&әÿҥL
.KRҧQJWӯWKӃNӍWKӭ9,WUѭӟF&1ÿӃQ
WKӃNӍWKӭ9,VDX&1
+uQKWKjQKQKӳQJQӅQYăQKRikP
QKҥF OӟQ FӫD WKӃ JLӟL WURQJ ÿy Fy
kP QKҥF +\ /ҥS Yj /D 0m Fә ÿҥL
+uQKWKjQKFѫVӣOtWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF
FәÿҥL
ÆPQKҥFGkQJLDQSKiWWULӇQ
1KҥFFөÿjQO\UHÿjQKDUSHNqQ
YjViR
14
ÆPQKҥF7UXQJFә
ÆPQKҥF3KөFKѭQJ
7KӃNӍ;9ÿӃQÿҫXWKӃNӍ;9,,
1JKӋWKXұW3KөFKѭQJOj³SKөFKӗL´OҥL
FiLÿҽSFiLWRjQPӻWURQJQJKӋWKXұWFә
ÿҥLFKӫ\ӃXOjFәÿҥL+\/ҥS
%D GzQJ QKҥF 'kQ JLDQ W{Q JLiR Yj
FXQJÿuQKWLӃSWөFSKiWWULӇQ
&QJYӟLWKDQKQKҥFNKtQKҥFEҳWÿҫX
ÿѭӧFFK~WUӑQJ
/ƭQK YӵF ÿjR WҥR kP QKҥF ÿѭӧF
TXDQWkP
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX-3HUL±
&0RQWHYHUGL±$6FDUODWLL
±«
ÆPQKҥF7LӅQFәÿLӇQ
%DURTXH
ÆPQKҥF/mQJPҥQ
&XӕLWKӃNӍ;9,,ÿӃQQӱDÿҫXWKӃNӍ;9,,,
ĈҫXWKӃNӍ;,;ÿӃQÿҫXWKӃNӍ;;
.ӃWKӯDQKӳQJWѭWѭӣQJYjWKjQKWӵX
WKӡL Nu 3KөF KѭQJ WҥR GӵQJ ÿѭӧF FiF
WiFSKҭPFyWtQKQJKӋWKXұWFDRFiFWKӇ
ORҥLkPQKҥFÿѭӧFÿӏQKKuQKU}QpWKѫQ
7KDQKQKҥFYjNKtQKҥFFQJSKiWWULӇQ
ÆPQKҥFSKӭFÿLӋXÿѭӧFKRjQFKӍQKYj
ÿѭDOrQÿӍQKFDRQJKӋWKXұW
ӬQJ GөQJ Yj SKә ELӃQ KӋ WKӕQJ %uQK
TXkQOXұW
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX$9LYDOGL±
*+DQGHO±-6%DFK
±
ĈӅFDRWKӃJLӟLQӝLWkPYӟLQKӳQJFҧP[~FWLQK
WӃFӫDFRQQJѭӡLSKҧQiQKPkXWKXүQ[mKӝLYj
NKX\QKKѭӟQJWLӃQEӝFӫDWKӡLÿҥL
ÆP QKҥF WKLrQ YӅ WtQK WUӳ WuQK FҧP [~F Fi
QKkQQKѭWuQK\rXQӛLEXӗQVӵF{ÿѫQ«
&DNK~FJLӳYӏWUtTXDQWUӑQJWURQJÿӡLVӕQJ
kPQKҥF
;XҩWKLӋQQKLӅXWKӇORҥLQKӓFiFWLӇXSKҭP
WKtQKSKzQJFKRSLDQR
*LDRKѭӣQJFyWLrXÿӅYjQKҥFNӏFKOmQJPҥQ
SKiWWULӇQ
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX)6FKXEHUW±
)&KRSLQ±)/LV]W±
*%L]HW±3,7FKDLNRYVN\
±«
ÆPQKҥF&әÿLӇQ
1ӱDFXӕLWKӇNӍ;9,,,ÿӃQÿҫXWKӃNӍ;,;
+uQKWKjQKWUѭӡQJSKiLFәÿLӇQ9LrQ
ӣÈR
ÆPQKҥFFXQJÿuQKSKiWWULӇQWKjQKkP
QKҥFNLQKYLӋQ
.KtQKҥFSKiWWULӇQPҥQKPӁÿһFELӋWOj
JLDRKѭӣQJ7KDQKQKҥFSKiWWULӇQYӟL
WKӇORҥLQKҥFNӏFK
&ҩX WU~F WiF SKҭP KjL KRj FkQ ÿӕL
FQJOӕLYLӃWKRjWKDQKFKӫÿLӋX
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX&:*OXFN±
)-+D\GQ±:$
0R]DUW±/Y%HHWKRYHQ
±
ÆPQKҥF7KӃNӍ;;
;XҩW KLӋQ QKLӅX WUjR OѭX PӟL WURQJ QJKӋ
WKXұW ҨQ WѭӧQJ %LӇX KLӋQ 7kQ Fә ÿLӇQ
7LrQSKRQJ«
ÆP QKҥF SKiW WULӇQ PҥQK PӁ Fy WKrP
GzQJ QKҥF JLҧL WUt PDQJ WtQK ÿҥL FK~QJ
-D]]3RS5RFN5 %«
ÆPQKҥFNӃWKӧSYӟLFiFORҥLKuQKQJKӋ
WKXұWNKiF[XҩWKLӋQQKҥFFөÿLӋQWӱ«
ÆPQKҥFFKX\rQQJKLӋSÿѭӧFÿjRWҥRFy
KӋWKӕQJYjÿDGҥQJ
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX&'HEXVV\±
05DYHO±'6KRVWDNRYLFK
±«
%DQQKҥFYjFDVƭWLrXELӇX7KH%HDWOHV
$%%$%RQH\03DXO0DULDW%DFNVWUHHW
%R\V«
15
*LӟLWKLӋXPӝWVӕWiFJLҧWiFSKҭPWLrXELӇX
/9%HHWKRYHQFḰ˿QJJLDRḰͷQJVͩ
)&KRSLQ(WXGHFKRSLDQRVͩJLͥQJĈ{WK
'6KRVWDNRYLFKFḰ˿QJJLDRḰͷQJVͩ
1rXÿ{LQpWYӅFiFJLDLÿRҥQOӏFKVӱkPQKҥFSKѭѫQJ7k\
+m\NӇWrQPӝWVӕQKҥFVƭWLrXELӇXFӫDWӯQJJLDLÿRҥQ
(PKm\FKRELӃWFҧPQKұQVDXNKLQJKHPӝWVӕWiFSKҭPWUrQ
1*+(1+Ҥ&
75Ë&+Ĉ2Ҥ1&+ѬѪ1**,$2+̀Ͷ1*6ͨ
7È&*,Ҧ-26(3++$<'1
7uPKLӇXYjJLӟLWKLӋXYӅFXӝFÿӡLQKҥFVƭ-RVHSK+D\GQ
%ҧQ*LDRḰͷQJVͩÿѭӧF+D\GQKRjQWKjQKQăPWҥL/XkQĈ{QVDX
QKӳQJOҫQ{QJJKpWKăPQѭӟF$QK1Jj\QD\EҧQ*LDRḰͷQJVͩFӫD+D\GQ
YүQOjPӝWWURQJQKӳQJEҧQJLDRKѭӣQJÿѭӧFWUuQKGLӉQQKLӅXQKҩWWURQJFiFSKzQJ
KRjQKҥF
*LDLÿLӋXFKӫÿӅFKѭѫQJFӫDEҧQJLDRKѭӣQJGүQGҳWQJѭӡLQJKHOLrQWѭӣQJ
YӅkPWKDQKÿӅXÿһQFӫDÿӗQJKӗ%LJ%HQWҥL/XkQĈ{QFNJQJQKѭVӵFkQEҵQJJLӳD
WUtWXӋYjFҧP[~FFQJWtQKWKDQKOӏFKGX\rQGiQJFӫDJLӟLTXêWӝF$QKÿѭѫQJWKӡL
7UtFKJLDLÿLӋXFKӫÿӅFӫD&KѭѫQJ±*LDRḰͷQJ
6ѫÿӗ&KѭѫQJ±*LDRḰͷQJ
&KӫÿӅFKtQK
YLROLQ
OLӅQWLӃQJQKҽ
'jQGk\YjNqQEDVVRRQ
Qҧ\WLӃQJ[HQNӁJLӳD
PҥQKYjQKҽ
.qQRERH
OLӅQWLӃQJ
QKҽ
&KӫÿӅFKtQK
YLROLQYjÀXWH
OLӅQWLӃQJQKҽ
(PKm\QrXFҧPQKұQYӅFKѭѫQJFӫDEҧQ*LDRḰͷQJ
6ѭXWҫPYj[HPPӝWYjLEҧQQKҥFÿѭӧFELӇXGLӉQEӣLGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
WUrQLQWHUQHW
16
75,Æ17+Ҫ<&Ð
CHỦ ĐỀ
2
<Ç8&Ҫ8&Ҫ1ĈҤ7
Ì +iW+iWÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝVҳFWKiLYjOӡLFDELӇXOӝFҧP[~FSKKӧSYӟL
WtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFFӫDEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{%LӃWÿLӅXWLӃWKѫLWKӣKӧSOtPӣUӝQJkP
YӵFGX\WUuÿѭӧFWӕFÿӝәQÿӏQKELӃWKiWWKHRKuQKWKӭFWӕSFD
Ì 1KҥFFө%LӃWNӃWKӧSQKҥFFөJ}WLӃWWҩXQKҥFFөWKӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋXYjKRjkPÿӇ
KRjWҩX7KӇKLӋQÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝ%LӃWÿLӅXFKӍQKFѭӡQJÿӝÿӇWҥRQrQVӵ
KjLKRj
Ì ĈӑFQKҥFĈӑFÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝFӫD%jLÿͥFQK̹FVͩ
Ì /tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF1KұQELӃWÿѭӧFÿLӋXWKӭFJDPJLӑQJ
Ì 7KѭӡQJWKӭFkPQKҥF1rXÿѭӧFPӝWVӕÿһFÿLӇPFӫDkPQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
17
HÁT
(PKm\WUuQKEj\PӝWEjLKiWFyFKӫÿӅYӅWKҫ\F{YjPiLWUѭӡQJPjHPÿm
ÿѭӧFKӑF
1+ӞѪ17+Ҫ<&Ð
1K̩FYjOͥL1JX\͍Q1J͕F7KL͏Q
! *!% "
%
+8
7
& 54
=( )
'.
: 9
0+
-8
=
< ! +
'
'<
;
: $
5 5, ) !
5
4
2
8
;
7
'6
*
,
. -& -
"
(
1
! )
2
0 ! *!%
"
-
% +, !
9(
6
. 4 !3
0
, '(
/%
%
)
-.
' !"
!"#
'( #$
$ )
&
$
%
% !
, &
3 .
%jLKiW1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{ÿѭӧFQKҥFVƭ1JX\ӉQ1JӑF7KLӋQViQJWiFQăP
,
./
PDQJWtQKFKҩWWUӳWuQKJLDLÿLӋXQKҽQKjQJWKDWKLӃWFDWӯFKkQWKjQKWKӇKLӋQ
WuQKFҧPTXêPӃQWKҫ\F{YjJӧLQKӟNӍQLӋPÿҽSYӅQKӳQJWKiQJQăPKӗQQKLrQ
GѭӟLPiLWUѭӡQJ
%jLKiWFyFҩXWU~FKDLÿRҥQÿRҥQÿѭӧFYLӃWӣJLӑQJ0LWKӭÿRҥQYLӃWӣ
1 $
JLӑQJ0LWUѭӣQJ
"
2
+
*
'
1JKHYұQÿӝQJWKHRQKӏSÿLӋXYjQrXFҧPQKұQFӫDHPYӅEjLKiW
18
7ұSKiWEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{
t (PKm\[iFÿӏQKFiFFkXQKҥFWURQJWӯQJÿRҥQFӫDEjLKiW
t +iWU}OӡLÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝ
t 7KӇKLӋQWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFWѭѫQJSKҧQJLӳDÿRҥQWURQJEjLKiW
+iWEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{YӟLKuQKWKӭFÿѫQFDӣÿRҥQYjWӕSFDӣÿRҥQ
6iQJWҥRÿӝQJWiFYұQÿӝQJWKHRQKӏSÿLӋXFӫDEjLKiW1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{
(PKm\ÿiQKQKӏSWKHRVѫÿӗQKӏS FKRFiFEҥQFQJKiWEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{
1+Ҥ&&Ө
6ӱGөQJQKҥFFөJ}KRһFYӛWD\ÿӇÿӋPFKRÿRҥQFӫDEjLKiW1Kͳ˿Q
WK̿\F{QKyPWKӵFKLӋQWKHRWLӃWWҩXOӡLFDQKyPWKHRQKӏS
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩX
7KӇKLӋQPүXWLӃWWҩXVDXEҵQJPDUDFDVYjWDPERXULQH
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋX
7KӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋXVDXEҵQJQKҥFFөSKKӧS
9ͳDSK̫L
19
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQKRjkP
7KӇKLӋQFiFKӧSkPVDXEҵQJÿjQXNXOHOH
Em
$P
%
2
2
2
1ӕLWLӃSFiFKӧSkPWKHRkPKuQKWLӃWWҩX
7D\SKҧLJҧ\OrQ
+RjWҩXQKҥFFөWKHRPүXVDX
1KҥFFө
WKӇKLӋQ
JLDLÿLӋX
8NXOHOH
0DUDFDV
7DPERXULQH
20
t ĈLӅXFKӍQKFѭӡQJÿӝÿӇWҥRQrQVӵKjLKRjNKLKRjWҩX
t /XkQSKLrQVӱGөQJFiFQKҥFFөJ}NKiFQKDXNKLFKѫLKRjWҩX
6iQJWҥRÿӝQJWiFYұQÿӝQJFѫWKӇSKKӧSYӟLWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFFӫDSKҫQ
KRjWҩXQKҥFFө
ĈӐ&1+Ҥ&
ĈӑFFiFQKyPkPFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJVDXÿk\
ĈӑFTXmQJTXmQJWKHRKuQKWLӃWWҩX
21
*}WLӃWWҩX
%q
%q
t 6ӱGөQJQKҥFFөJ}KRһFYӛWD\WKHRWLӃWWҩXWӯQJEq
t &KLDQKyPWKӵFKLӋQEq
%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
%LrQVR̩Q7U̯QĈͱF
ĈӑF%jLÿͥFQK̹FVͩNӃWKӧSÿiQKQKӏS
/Ë7+8<ӂ7
Æ01+Ҥ&
Ĉ,ӊ87+Ӭ&±*$0±*,Ӑ1*
1JKHEjLKiW7XͭLÿ͵LPrQKP{QJQKҥFYjOӡL7UӏQK&{QJ6ѫQYjQrXFҧP
QKұQFӫDHPYӅVӵWKD\ÿәLWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFJLӳDÿRҥQYjÿRҥQ
ĈLӋXWKӭF
D.KiLQLӋPĈLӋXWKӭFOjKӋWKӕQJFiFPӕLWѭѫQJTXDQJLӳDkPәQÿӏQKYjkP
NK{QJәQÿӏQKJLӳDkPFKӫYӟLFiFkPNKiFWKHRPӝWTX\OXұWQKҩWÿӏQK
E&iFEұFFӫDÿLӋXWKӭF&iFEұFWURQJÿLӋXWKӭFÿѭӧFNtKLӋXEҵQJVӕ/D0m
7URQJÿyEұF,EұF,9YjEұF9OjEDEұFFKtQKFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFFiFEұF,,,,,9,9,,
OjQKӳQJEұFSKө
FĈLӋXWKӭFWUѭӣQJ±ĈLӋXWKӭFWKӭ7URQJkPQKҥFFyQKLӅXORҥLÿLӋXWKӭFNKiF
QKDXWX\QKLrQORҥLÿLӋXWKӭFEҧ\kPWUѭӣQJ±WKӭÿѭӧFGQJSKәELӃQQKҩW
22
ĈL͟XWKFWÚͷQJFyWKӭWӵVҳS[ӃSFiFFXQJYjQӱDFXQJJLӳDFiFEұFQKѭVDX
ĈL͟XWKFWKFyWKӭWӵVҳS[ӃSFiFFXQJYjQӱDFXQJJLӳDFiFEұFQKѭVDX
*DP
.KiLQLӋP6ӵVҳS[ӃSFiFEұFFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFWKHRWKӭWӵWӯWKҩSOrQFDRKD\Wӯ
FDR[XӕQJWKҩSWtQKWӯkPFKӫEұF,ÿӃQkPFKӫӣTXmQJWiPOLӅQNӅJӑLOjJDP
&iFkPWKDQKKӧSWKjQKJDPJӑLOjFiFEͅF%ұFFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFFNJQJOjEұFFӫD
JDPYjÿѭӧFNtKLӋXEҵQJFKӳVӕ/D0m
9tGөFiFEұFFӫDJDPĈ{WUѭӣQJ
*LӑQJ
D.KiLQLӋP*LӑQJOjÿLӋXWKӭFÿmÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKkPFKӫYjFDRÿӝQKҩWÿӏQK
*LӑQJÿѭӧFJӑLEҵQJWrQkPFKӫFQJYӟLWtQKFKҩWÿLӋXWKӭF
9tGө
±*LӑQJĈ{WUѭӣQJFykPFKӫOjkPĈ{YjWtQKFKҩWFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFOjWUѭӣQJ
±*LӑQJ/DWKӭFykPFKӫOjkP/DYjWtQKFKҩWFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFOjWKӭ
E7tQKFKҩWFӫDJLӑQJ
±*LӑQJWUѭӣQJWKѭӡQJFyWtQKFKҩWPҥQKPӁNKRҿNKRҳQWѭѫLViQJ
±*LӑQJWKӭWKѭӡQJFyWtQKFKҩWPӅPPҥLQKҽQKjQJWUӳWuQK
+m\QrXNKiLQLӋPÿLӋXWKӭF
+m\FKRELӃWWKӭWӵVҳS[ӃSFXQJYjQӱDFXQJJLӳDFiFEұFFӫDÿLӋXWKӭF
WUѭӣQJÿLӋXWKӭFWKӭ
+iWEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{YjQrXFҧPQKұQFӫDHPYӅWtQKFKҩWJLӳDKDLÿRҥQ
QKҥFWURQJEjL
23
7+ѬӠ1*7+Ӭ&
Æ01+Ҥ&
0Ӝ76ӔĈҺ&Ĉ,ӆ0&Ӫ$Æ01+Ҥ&*,$2+ѬӢ1*
1JKHYj[HPWUtFKÿRҥQFKѭѫQJ,*LDRḰͷQJVͩFӫD:ROIJDQJ$PDGHXV
0R]DUW[iFÿӏQKPӝWVӕQKҥFFөGLӉQWҩX
.KiLQLӋP1KҥFJLDRKѭӣQJV\PSKRQ\PXVLFOjPӝWWURQJQKӳQJWKӇORҥL
OӟQYLӃWFKRQKҥFFөYjÿѭӧFGLӉQWҩXEҵQJGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
7iFSKҭPJLDRKѭӣQJEDRJӗPQKLӅXWKӇORҥLQKѭWәNK~FJLDRKѭӣQJOLrQNK~F
JLDRKѭӣQJWKѫJLDRKѭӣQJFRQFHUWR
ĈһFÿLӇPFӫDWKӇORҥLJLDRKѭӣQJ
9͙QͱLGXQJ7KӇORҥLJLDRKѭӣQJUҩWÿDGҥQJYӅQӝLGXQJWKѭӡQJÿӅFұSÿӃQ
QKӳQJYҩQÿӅFyWtQK[mKӝLWtQKWULӃWKӑFFKӭDÿӵQJ[XQJÿӝWNӏFKWtQKPҥQKPӁ
QKѭVӵÿҩXWUDQKJLӳDVӵVӕQJYjFiLFKӃWJLӳDÿDXWKѭѫQJYjKLYӑQJJLӳDFKLӃQ
WUDQKYjKRjEuQKKD\QKӳQJFҧP[~FWUѭӟFYҿÿҽSWKLrQQKLrQKQJYƭ
9͙ KuQK WKF 0ӝW WiF SKҭP JLDR KѭӣQJ WKѭӡQJ Fy EӕQ FKѭѫQJ WѭѫQJ SKҧQ
YӅWӕFÿӝÿLӋXWtQKFiFKELӇXKLӋQ+uQKWKӭFPӛLFKѭѫQJWѭѫQJÿӕLÿӝFOұS
OLrQNӃWYӟLQKDXWKHRPӝWPҥFKQӝLGXQJFKXQJ
&iFQKҥFFөYjYӏWUtFӫDFK~QJWURQJGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
'jQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJWKѭӡQJFyQKLӅXQKҥFFөÿѭӧFSKkQFKLDWKjQKEӕQEӝEӝ
Gk\EӝJӛEӝÿӗQJEӝJ}7UrQVkQNKҩXYӏWUtFiFEӝÿѭӧFVҳS[ӃSWKHRPӝWWUұW
WӵQKҩWÿӏQK6ӵSKӕLKӧSFiFEӝWURQJGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJWҥRQrQVӵÿDGҥQJ
YӅPjXVҳFkPWKDQKVӵSKRQJSK~YӅNKҧQăQJELӇXÿҥW'jQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
ÿѭӧFWUuQKGLӉQGѭӟLVӵFKӍKX\FӫDPӝWQKҥFWUѭӣQJ
D1KҥFFөWURQJFiFEӝFӫDGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
%ӝGk\
9LROLQ9LROD&HOOR'RXEOHEDVV
%ӝJӛ
3LFFROR)OXWH2ERH&ODULQHW%DVVRRQ
%ӝÿӗQJ
)UHQFK+RUQ7UXPSHW7URPERQH7XED
%ӝJ}
24
6QDUHGUXP%DVVGUXP7LPSDQL&\PEDO*RQJ;\ORSKRQH%HOOV
E9ӏWUtFiFQKҥFFөWURQJGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
7LPSDQL
%DVVGUXP
&\PEDO
*RQJ
;\ORSKRQH
6QDUHGUXP
%HOOV
7UXPSHWV
R
+
FK
HQ
)U
V
UQ
2ERHV
)OXWHV
7UR
P
ERQ
%DVV&ODULQHW
&ODULQHWV
%DVVEDVVRRQ
%D
9LRODV
VV
D
7XE
RR
QV
9LR
OL
QV
3LFFROR
HV
&KӍKX\GjQQKҥF
&HOORV
EӝGk\
EӝJӛ
EӝÿӗQJ
'RXEOHEDVVHV
EӝJ}
+uQK6˿ÿͫGjQQK̹FJLDRḰͷQJ
7iFSKҭPJLDRKѭӣQJFyQKӳQJWKӇORҥLQjR"
(PKm\NӇWrQFiFQKҥFFөWURQJEӝGk\EӝJӛEӝÿӗQJEӝJ}FӫDGjQQKҥF
JLDRKѭӣQJ
(PKm\QJKHYjNӇWrQPӝWVӕQKҥFFөGLӉQWҩXWURQJFKѭѫQJJLDRKѭӣQJ
4XrḰ˿QJFӫDQKҥFVƭ+RjQJ9LӋW
+m\VѭXWҫPPӝWVӕWiFSKҭPJLDRKѭӣQJ9LӋW1DPYLGHRPSYjJLӟLWKLӋX
ÿӃQFiFEҥQ
25
48Ç+ѬѪ1*7ѬѪ,ĈҼ3
CHỦ ĐỀ
3
<Ç8&Ҫ8&Ҫ1ĈҤ7
Ì +iW+iWÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝVҳFWKiLYjOӡLFDELӇXOӝFҧP[~FSKKӧSYӟL
WtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFFӫDEjL/tÿ̽WGzQJELӃWKiWNӃWKӧSKuQKWKӭFÿѫQFDYjWӕSFD
Ì 1KҥFFө%LӃWNӃWKӧSQKҥFFөJ}WLӃWWҩXÿӇÿӋPKiWFKREjL/tÿ̽WGzQJ7KӇKLӋQ
ÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝYjQKӏSÿӝFӫDEjL
Ì ĈӑFQKҥFĈӑFÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝFӫD%jLÿͥFQK̹FVͩ
Ì /tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF1KұQELӃWÿѭӧFJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJYj0LWKӭ
Ì 1JKHQKҥF%LӃWOҳQJQJKHYjELӇXOӝFҧP[~FFҧPQKұQÿѭӧFYҿÿҽSJLiWUӏ
QJKӋWKXұWFӫDEjLGkQFD/tKRjLQDP
26
HÁT
(PKm\KiWFKRWKҫ\F{YjEҥQEqQJKHPӝWEjLGkQFD1DP%ӝPjHPELӃWYj
QrXWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFFӫDEjLÿy
/ËĈҨ7'Ñ1*
'kQFD1DP%ӝ
9ͳDSK̫L±7UͷWuQK6˱XW̯P±.tkP7U̯Q.L͇W7˱ͥQJ
23
(1
", 25
", 25 "
.
",
4
!
- - * ()
+
",
$ $
& '
#%
23
0 (
"#
(1
/%
,
...
NGUYỄN THỊ NGỌC DUNG (Chủ biên)
TRẦN ĐỨC – LÊ MINH PHƯỚC – TRẦN HOÀNG THỊ ÁI CẦM
ÂM NHẠC
10
HỒ NGỌC KHẢI (Tổng Chủ biên)
NGUYỄN THỊ NGỌC DUNG (Chủ biên)
TRẦN ĐỨC – LÊ MINH PHƯỚC – TRẦN HOÀNG THỊ ÁI CẦM
ÂM NHẠC
10
+óĽ1*'Ş16ʼn'ĭ1*6¤&+
6iFKFKLDOjPSKҫQ
3KҫQ±.LӃQWKӭFFKXQJJӗPFKӫÿӅ0ӛLFKӫÿӅEDRJӗPÿҫ\ÿӫFiFPҥFK
QӝLGXQJFKtQKFӫDP{QÆPQKҥFĈӕLYӟLPҥFKQӝLGXQJQKҥFFөWKӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋX
JLiRYLrQKѭӟQJGүQKӑFVLQKVӱGөQJQKӳQJQKҥFFөÿmÿѭӧFKӑFӣFiFOӟSKӑF
WUѭӟFÿӇOX\ӋQWұSYjWKӇKLӋQFiFEjLWұSWURQJViFKJLiRNKRD
3KҫQ±3KѭѫQJiQOӵDFKӑQJӗPFiFEjLKӑFFyWtQKKӋWKӕQJYӅNLӃQWKӭF
NƭQăQJNƭWKXұWKiWYjQKҥFFө+ӑFVLQKFKӑQKӑFWURQJSKѭѫQJiQ+iWKRһF
1KҥFFөJXLWDUKRһFÿjQSKtPÿLӋQWӱ
ĈӇFiFHPGӉTXDQViWYjKӑFWұSFiFPҥFKQӝLGXQJFKtQKÿѭӧFPLQKKRҥTXD
KӋWKӕQJFiFNtKLӋXFөWKӇQKѭVDX
HÁT
1+Ҥ&&Ө
ĈӐ&1+Ҥ&
1*+(1+Ҥ&
/Ë7+8<ӂ7
Æ01+Ҥ&
7+ѬӠ1*7+Ӭ&
Æ01+Ҥ&
&iFKRҥWÿӝQJKӑFWұSӣWӯQJPҥFKQӝLGXQJÿѭӧFWKLӃWNӃWKHREӕQEѭӟF
EDRJӗP
0ӣÿҫX+RҥWÿӝQJNKӣLÿӝQJÿӇWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅ[iFÿӏQKYҩQÿӅQKLӋPYөFөWKӇ
FҫQJLҧLTX\ӃWWURQJEjLKӑFFiFKWKӭFJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅWKӵFKLӋQQKLӋPYөWURQJ
FiFKRҥWÿӝQJWLӃSWKHRFӫDEjLKӑF
+uQKWKjQKNLӃQWKӭFPӟL7KӵFKLӋQQKLӋPYөKӑFWұSÿӇFKLӃPOƭQKNLӃQWKӭFPӟL
JLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅWKӵFKLӋQQKLӋPYөÿһWUDWӯKRҥWÿӝQJ0ͷÿ̿X
/X\ӋQWұSÈSGөQJQKӳQJNLӃQWKӭFÿmÿѭӧFKӑFӣEѭӟF+uQKWKjQKNL͗Q
WKFPͳLSKiWWULӇQFiFNƭQăQJÿӇJLҧLTX\ӃWQKӳQJQKLӋPYөKӑFWұSFөWKӇ
9ұQGөQJ9ұQGөQJNLӃQWKӭFNƭQăQJÿmKӑFYjRQKӳQJWuQKKXӕQJFөWKӇ
WURQJWKӵFWLӉQ
0RQJFiFHPJL·JuQFXͩQViFKV̹FKÿ͑Sÿ͛ViFKWL͗SWͽFÿ́ͻF
V΅GͽQJͷFiFWK͗K͟KͥFVLQKVDXYjWL͗WNL͟PFKR[mKͱL
2
/ľ,1¶,ïŜ8
&iFHPKӑFVLQKWKkQPӃQ
7ӯQăPKӑF±P{QÆPQKҥFFKtQKWKӭFÿѭӧFWULӇQNKDLӣEұF7UXQJKӑF
SKәWK{QJOjP{QKӑFOӵDFKӑQGjQKFKRQKӳQJKӑFVLQKFyQJX\ӋQYӑQJÿӏQK
KѭӟQJQJKӅQJKLӋSOLrQTXDQÿӃQQJKӋWKXұWkPQKҥF
6iFKJLiRNKRDÆP QKҥF ± %ӝ ViFK &KkQ WUӡL ViQJ WҥRÿѭӧFELrQVRҥQ
QKҵP JL~S FiF HP KӑF VLQK Fy QJXӗQ KӑF OLӋX NKRD KӑF KӋ WKӕQJWKLӃWWKӵF
Yj KLӋQ ÿҥL ÿӇ KӑF WұS SKiW WULӇQ FiF SKҭP FKҩW QăQJ OӵF FKXQJ Yj QăQJ OӵF
kPQKҥFEӗLGѭӥQJWuQK\rXkPQKҥFYjWKӏKLӃXkPQKҥFOjQKPҥQKYӯDEҧRÿҧP
WtQK JLiR GөF SKә WK{QJ SK KӧS YӟL ÿLӅX NLӋQ JLiR GөF ӣ FiF ÿӏD SKѭѫQJ WURQJ
FҧQѭӟFYӯDÿiSӭQJQKXFҫXÿӏQKKѭӟQJQJKӅQJKLӋSFӫDKӑFVLQK
1KyPWiFJLҧPRQJUҵQJFXӕQViFKVӁPDQJÿӃQFKRFiFHPQJXӗQKӑFOLӋX
kPQKҥFWLQFұ\OjÿLӇPWӵDÿӇFiFHPWӵKӑFYjSKiWWULӇQ&K~FFiFHPKӑFWұS
WKjQKF{QJYjÿҥWÿѭӧFNӃWTXҧPRQJPXӕQ
1+Ï07È&*,Ҧ
3
0ĭ&/ĭ&
1ӝLGXQJ
7UDQJ
+ѭӟQJGүQVӱGөQJViFK
2
/ӡLQyLÿҫX
3+Ҫ1.,ӂ17+Ӭ&&+81*
4
&KӫÿӅ.KiWYӑQJWXәLWUҿ
6
+iW%jLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
7
1KҥFFө1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩXJLDLÿLӋXKRjkPFӫDFKӫÿӅ
8
ĈӑFQKҥF%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF4XmQJYjWtQKFKҩWFӫDTXmQJ
7KѭӡQJWKӭFkPQKҥF&iFJLDLÿRҥQOӏFKVӱkPQKҥFSKѭѫQJ7k\
1JKHQKҥF7UtFKÿRҥQ*LDRḰͷQJVͩWiFJLҧ-RVHSK+D\GQ
&KӫÿӅ7ULkQWKҫ\F{
+iW%jLKiW1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{
1KҥFFө1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩXJLDLÿLӋXKRjkPFӫDFKӫÿӅ
ĈӑFQKҥF%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥFĈLӋXWKӭF±*DP±*LӑQJ
22
7KѭӡQJWKӭFkPQKҥF0ӝWVӕÿһFÿLӇPFӫDkPQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
&KӫÿӅ4XrKѭѫQJWѭѫLÿҽS
+iW%jLKiW/tÿ̽WGzQJ
27
1KҥFFө1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩXJLDLÿLӋXKRjkPFӫDFKӫÿӅ
28
ĈӑFQKҥF%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF*LӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJYjJLӑQJ0LWKӭ
1JKHQKҥF1JKHEjL/tKRjLQDPGkQFD4XҧQJ7Uӏ±7KӯD7KLrQ
&KӫÿӅ*LDLÿLӋXKӳXQJKӏ
+iW%jLKiW&KLOGRIWKHXQLYHUVH7U͓HPFͿDWK͗JLͳL
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩXJLDLÿLӋXKRjkPFӫDFKӫÿӅ
ĈӑFQKҥF%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF&iFKӧSkPEDFKtQKFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJYjJLӑQJ0LWKӭ
1JKHQKҥF1JKHEjLKiW&k\WKXǤǴ˿QJ
3+Ҫ1/Ӵ$&+Ӑ1+È7
%jL7ѭWKӃYjKѫLWKӣWURQJFDKiW
%jL+iWOLӅQWLӃQJ
%jL+iWQҧ\WLӃQJ
%jL+iWOѭӟWQKDQKYjKiWOX\ӃQkP
3+Ҫ1/Ӵ$&+Ӑ11+Ҥ&&Ө
59
Ĉ¬13+Ë0Ĉ,ӊ17Ӱ
%jL/jPTXHQYӟLÿjQSKtPÿLӋQWӱ
%jL.ƭWKXұWÿjQUӡLWLӃQJ
%jL.ƭWKXұWÿjQOLӅQWLӃQJ
%jL.ƭWKXұWÿjQQҧ\WLӃQJ
%jL;iFÿӏQKWLӃWÿLӋXÿӋP
72
%jLĈӋPKiW
%jLĈӝFWҩX
78
%jL+RjWҩX
Ĉ¬1*8,7$5
%jL*LӟLWKLӋXÿjQJXLWDU±.ƭWKXұWEҩPJҧ\WUrQGk\
%jL&iFKEҧRTXҧQÿjQJXLWDU±.ƭWKXұWEҩPJҧ\WUrQGk\
88
%jL&iFKOrQGk\ÿjQJXLWDU±.ƭWKXұWEҩPJҧ\WUrQGk\
%jL.ƭWKXұWJҧ\PyFGk\YjEҩPKӧSkP
%jL0ӝWVӕWLӃWÿӋPÿLӋXSKәELӃQYjFiFKÿӋPWLӃWÿӋPÿLӋX:DOW]
%jL&iFKÿӋPWLӃWÿLӋX)R[
%jLĈӝFWҩX
%jL+RjWҩX
*LҧLWKtFKWKXұWQJӳ
5
.+È79Ӑ1*78Ә,75Ҿ
CHỦ ĐỀ
1
<Ç8&Ҫ8&Ҫ1ĈҤ7
Ì +iW+iWÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝYjOӡLFDFӫDEjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓GLӉQÿҥW
FҧP[~FSKKӧSYӟLWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFELӃWNӃWKӧSKuQKWKӭFÿѫQFDYjWӕSFD
Ì 1KҥFFө%LӃWNӃWKӧSQKҥFFөJ}WLӃWWҩXÿӇÿӋPFKREjLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
%LӃWKRjWҩXQKҥFFөJLDLÿLӋXYjKRjkP
Ì ĈӑFQKҥFĈӑFÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝFӫD%jLÿͥFQK̹FVͩ
Ì /tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF1KұQELӃWÿѭӧFFiFTXmQJKRjWKDQKJLDLÿLӋXTXmQJÿѫQYj
TXmQJGLDWRQLF3KkQELӋWÿѭӧFWtQKFKҩWWKXұQQJKӏFKFӫDTXmQJ
Ì 7KѭӡQJWKӭFkPQKҥF1rXÿѭӧFYjLQpWYӅFiFJLDLÿRҥQOӏFKVӱkPQKҥF
WKӃJLӟLNӇÿѭӧFWrQPӝWVӕQKҥFVƭWLrXELӇXFӫDWӯQJJLDLÿRҥQ
Ì 1JKHQKҥF%LӃWOҳQJQJKHYjELӇXOӝFҧP[~FFҧPQKұQÿѭӧFYҿÿҽSJLiWUӏ
QJKӋWKXұWFӫDWUtFKÿRҥQFKѭѫQJ*LDRḰͷQJVͩFӫD-RVHSK+D\GQ
6
HÁT
1JKHYjQrXFҧPQKұQFӫDHPYӅEjLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
.+È79Ӑ1*78Ә,75Ҿ
1K̩FYjOͥL9NJ+RjQJ
1K͓SÿL±7U̯PKQJ
%,
&! %
/ - %* '(
"
!
#$
"
+ )
40 #
3
.-
*
.
5 #
12 0
T
"
T
%jLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓ÿѭӧFQKҥFVƭ9NJ+RjQJViQJWiFQăPWKHRWKӇ
ORҥLKjQKNK~FWLӃWWҩXWK~FJLөFJLDLÿLӋXV{LQәLYjNKtWKӃ1ӝLGXQJOӡLFDWKӇKLӋQ
QKLӋWKX\ӃWKRjLEmRYjѭӟFPѫÿӇFӕQJKLӃQVӭFPuQKFKXQJWD\[k\GӵQJÿҩWQѭӟF
%jLKiWÿѭӧFFKLDWKjQKKDLÿRҥQQKҥFÿRҥQJӗPQKӏSFKLDOjPFkXFkXFy
QKӏSFkXFyQKӏSÿRҥQJӗPFkXQKҳFOҥLPӛLFkXQKӏS
(PKm\TXDQViWYjFKӍUDFiFkPKuQKWLӃWWҩXÿѭӧFOһSOҥLWURQJÿRҥQFӫDEjLKiW
7
7ұSKiWEjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
+iWEjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓YӟLKuQKWKӭFWӕSFDKRһFÿӗQJFDӣÿRҥQYjÿѫQFD
ӣÿRҥQ
(PFQJEҥQGjQGӵQJYjELӇXGLӉQEjLKiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
1+Ҥ&&Ө
1JKHYjP{SKӓQJPӝWVӕPүXWLӃWWҩXӣQKӏS 2 EҵQJWUӕQJQKӓGjLQKӏS
WLӃWWҩXÿHQÿѫQOһQJÿHQOһQJÿѫQ
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩX
6ӱGөQJQKҥFFөJ}ÿӇOX\ӋQWұSKDLPүXWLӃWWҩXVDX
0үX0үX
7KDQK
phách
7UӕQJQKӓ
7KDQK
phách
7UӕQJQKӓ
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋX
7KӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋXVDXEҵQJQKҥFFөSKKӧS
8
1K͓SÿL
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQKRjkP
7KӇKLӋQFiFKӧSkPVDXEҵQJÿjQXNXOHOH
$P
Dm
(
1ӕLWLӃSFiFKӧSkPWKHRkPKuQKWLӃWWҩX
'ҩX WD\SKҧLJҧ\[XӕQJ
+RjWҩXQKҥFFөWKHRPүXVDX
1KҥFFө
WKӇKLӋQ
JLDLÿLӋX
8NXOHOH
(PKm\FQJEҥQJ}ÿӋPFKREjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓WKHRPүXWLӃWWҩXVDX
1K͓SÿLWU̯PKQJ
+iW
#
$
7KDQKSKiFK
7UӕQJQKӓ
"
!
9
t /XkQSKLrQVӱGөQJFiFQKҥFFөJ}NKiFQKDXNKLÿӋPKiW
t 6ӱGөQJSKҫQKRjWҩXQKҥFFөOjPFkXQKҥFGҥRÿҫXFKREjL.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
(P Km\ FQJ EҥQ YұQ GөQJ FiF PүX WLӃW WҩX ÿm KӑF ÿӇ J} ÿӋP FKR EjL
.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
/jPQKҥFFөJ}EҵQJFӕFQѭӟFWҥLQKj
&KX́QEͣFӕFWKXӹWLQKPӓQJFyNtFKFӥJLӕQJQKDXWKuDEҵQJNLPORҥLEuQK
ÿӵQJQѭӟFFӕFÿROѭӡQJ
7KΉFKL͟Q6ҳS[ӃSFӕFWKXӹ
WLQK WKҷQJ KjQJ ÿә QѭӟF YjR
FӕF YӟL FiF OѭӧQJ QѭӟF NKiF
QKDX WKHR QJX\rQ WҳF OѭӧQJ
QѭӟF WăQJ OrQ EҵQJ QKDX 9t
Gө%ҳWÿҫXYӟLOѭӧQJQѭӟF
WURQJ FӕF ÿҫX WLrQ VDX ÿy ÿә
ÿҫ\PӛLFӕFWLӃSWKHRVDRFKRFy
OѭӧQJ QѭӟF QKLӅX KѫQ FӕF
OLӅQWUѭӟF
'QJ WKuD EҵQJ NLP ORҥL J}
YjRWKjQKFӕFYjOҳQJQJKHkP
WKDQKSKiWUD&ҧPQKұQÿӝOӟQ
FӫDTXmQJJLDLÿLӋXÿѭӧFWҥRUDNKLJ}WKuDYjRWKjQKFӕFQѭӟF
7KD\ÿәLOѭӧQJQѭӟFWURQJPӛLFӕF1KұQ[pWYӅPӕLWѭѫQJTXDQJLӳDOѭӧQJ
QѭӟFWURQJFӕFYjFDRÿӝkPWKDQKSKiWUD
7UDRÿәLFKLDVҿYӟLEҥQYӅFҧPQKұQkPWKDQKFӫDQKҥFFөYjFQJWKX\ӃWWUuQK
NӃWTXҧWUѭӟFOӟS
10
ĈӐ&1+Ҥ&
1JKHYjQKҳFOҥLEҵQJkP³OD´FiFkPәQÿӏQKFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJ
ĈӑFJDPFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJ*PDMRU*GXU
ĈӑFFiFkPәQÿӏQKFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJ
ĈӑFTXmQJTXmQJWKHRKuQKWLӃWWҩX
*}WLӃWWҩX
%q
%q
t 6ӱGөQJQKҥFFөJ}KRһFYӛWD\WKHRWLӃWWҩXWӯQJEq
t &KLDQKyPWKӵFKLӋQEq
%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
%LrQVR̩Q+͛1J͕F.K̫L
11
6ӱGөQJ0үXKRһF0үXӣSKҫQ1K̹FFͽWK͛KL͟QWL͗WW̽XWUDQJÿӇJ}
ÿӋPFKR%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
/Ë7+8<ӂ7
Æ01+Ҥ&
481*9¬7Ë1+&+Ҩ7&Ӫ$481*
/ҳQJQJKHPүXVDXYjQrXFҧPQKұQ
0үX
0үX
.KiLQLӋP4XmQJOjVӵNӃWKӧSÿӗQJWKӡLKRһFQӕLWLӃSFӫDKDLkPWKDQK
WURQJkPQKҥFWҥRQrQNKRҧQJFiFKJLӳDKDLFDRÿӝÆPWKҩSOjkPJӕFkPFDR
OjkPQJӑQ
&iFORҥLTXmQJ
4XmQJJLDLÿLӋX+uQKWKjQKNKL
4XmQJKRjWKDQK+uQKWKjQKNKLKDL
KDLkPSKiWUDOҫQOѭӧWQӕLWLӃSQKDX kP SKiW UD FQJ O~F 4XmQJ KRj WKDQK Oj
4XmQJ JLDL ÿLӋX Oj PӝW WURQJ QKӳQJ \ӃXWӕÿӇKuQKWKjQKQrQKӧSkP
\ӃXWӕÿӇKuQKWKjQKJLDLÿLӋXkPQKҥF 9tGө4XmQJ6RQ±Ĉ{
9tGө4XmQJ/DÿLOrQĈ{TXmQJ6L
ÿL[XӕQJ3KD
4XmQJÿѫQ/jTXmQJÿѭӧF
4XmQJ GLDWRQLF &zQ JӑL Oj TXmQJ
FҩXWҥRWURQJSKҥPYLPӝWTXmQJWiP Fѫ EҧQ ÿѭӧF KuQK WKjQK Wӯ FiF EұF Fѫ
EҧQFӫDKjQJkPWURQJÿLӋXWKӭF
9tGө
12
9tGө
7tQKFKҩWFӫDTXmQJ
4XmQJWKXұQ/jQKӳQJTXmQJNKLkPWKDQKYDQJOrQQJKHrPWDLKjLKRj
9tGө
4XmQJ QJKӏFK /j QKӳQJ TXmQJ NKL kP WKDQK YDQJ OrQ QJKH FKyL WDL
NK{QJKjLKRj
9tGө
/ҩ\kPĈ{OjPkPJӕFKm\[k\GӵQJFiFTXmQJGLDWRQLFWURQJSKҥPYL
PӝWTXmQJWiP
t +m\QrXVӵNKiFQKDXJLӳDTXmQJJLDLÿLӋXYjTXmQJKRjWKDQK
t +m\QrXFҩXWҥRTXmQJÿѫQ
t +m\FKRELӃWWtQKFKҩWTXmQJWKXұQYjTXmQJQJKӏFK
+m\WuPFөPWӯӣOӡLFDFyJLDLÿLӋXTXmQJÿLOrQKRһFÿL[XӕQJWURQJEjL
KiW.KiWYͥQJWXͭLWU͓
7+ѬӠ1*7+Ӭ&
Æ01+Ҥ&
&È&*,$,Ĉ2Ҥ1/ӎ&+6ӰÆ01+Ҥ&3+ѬѪ1*7Æ<
(PKm\VѭXWҫPYjFKLDVҿYӟLFiFEҥQWrQPӝWVӕQKjVRҥQQKҥFQәLWLӃQJWUrQ
WKӃJLӟLPjHPELӃW
9jLQpWYӅFiFJLDLÿRҥQOӏFKVӱkPQKҥFSKѭѫQJ7k\
/ӏFKVӱkPQKҥFSKѭѫQJ7k\ÿѭӧFKuQKWKjQKYjSKiWWULӇQWKHRWӯQJJLDLÿRҥQ
YӟLVӵ[XҩWKLӋQFӫDQKLӅXWUѭӡQJSKiLSKRQJFiFKkPQKҥFYjFiFWiFJLҧ
WiFSKҭPWLrXELӇX
13
ÆPQKҥF1JX\rQWKXӹ
.KRҧQJWӯWKLrQQLrQNӍWKӭ,,,WUѭӟF&1
7ӯWKӇNӍWKӭ9,ÿӃQWKӃNӍWKӭ;9
ÆPQKҥFWKӡLQJX\rQWKXӹÿѭӧFFRLOj
kPQKҥFVѫNKDLFӫDQKkQORҥL
/jkPQKҥFFӫDWӯQJEӝWӝFWӵELrQWӵ
GLӉQFKѭDFykPQKҥFFKX\rQQJKLӋS
&KӃ WiF QKӳQJ QKҥF Fө ÿҫX WLrQ Oj
QKҥFFөJ}QKҥFFөKѫLOjPEҵQJÿi
[ѭѫQJÿӝQJYұWWUHQӭD
3KiWPLQKKӋWKӕQJNtkPWUrQ
GzQJNҿ
&DKiWJLӳYDLWUzFKӫÿҥR
+uQKWKjQKEDGzQJQKҥF'zQJ
QKҥF GkQ JLDQ GzQJ QKҥF W{Q
JLiRYjGzQJQKҥFTXêWӝF
ÆPQKҥFW{QJLiRSKiWWULӇQ
1KҥFFөÿjQRUJDQӕQJNqQ
ViRYӟLFiFFKҩWOLӋXNKiFQKDX
ÆPQKҥF&әÿҥL
.KRҧQJWӯWKӃNӍWKӭ9,WUѭӟF&1ÿӃQ
WKӃNӍWKӭ9,VDX&1
+uQKWKjQKQKӳQJQӅQYăQKRikP
QKҥF OӟQ FӫD WKӃ JLӟL WURQJ ÿy Fy
kP QKҥF +\ /ҥS Yj /D 0m Fә ÿҥL
+uQKWKjQKFѫVӣOtWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF
FәÿҥL
ÆPQKҥFGkQJLDQSKiWWULӇQ
1KҥFFөÿjQO\UHÿjQKDUSHNqQ
YjViR
14
ÆPQKҥF7UXQJFә
ÆPQKҥF3KөFKѭQJ
7KӃNӍ;9ÿӃQÿҫXWKӃNӍ;9,,
1JKӋWKXұW3KөFKѭQJOj³SKөFKӗL´OҥL
FiLÿҽSFiLWRjQPӻWURQJQJKӋWKXұWFә
ÿҥLFKӫ\ӃXOjFәÿҥL+\/ҥS
%D GzQJ QKҥF 'kQ JLDQ W{Q JLiR Yj
FXQJÿuQKWLӃSWөFSKiWWULӇQ
&QJYӟLWKDQKQKҥFNKtQKҥFEҳWÿҫX
ÿѭӧFFK~WUӑQJ
/ƭQK YӵF ÿjR WҥR kP QKҥF ÿѭӧF
TXDQWkP
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX-3HUL±
&0RQWHYHUGL±$6FDUODWLL
±«
ÆPQKҥF7LӅQFәÿLӇQ
%DURTXH
ÆPQKҥF/mQJPҥQ
&XӕLWKӃNӍ;9,,ÿӃQQӱDÿҫXWKӃNӍ;9,,,
ĈҫXWKӃNӍ;,;ÿӃQÿҫXWKӃNӍ;;
.ӃWKӯDQKӳQJWѭWѭӣQJYjWKjQKWӵX
WKӡL Nu 3KөF KѭQJ WҥR GӵQJ ÿѭӧF FiF
WiFSKҭPFyWtQKQJKӋWKXұWFDRFiFWKӇ
ORҥLkPQKҥFÿѭӧFÿӏQKKuQKU}QpWKѫQ
7KDQKQKҥFYjNKtQKҥFFQJSKiWWULӇQ
ÆPQKҥFSKӭFÿLӋXÿѭӧFKRjQFKӍQKYj
ÿѭDOrQÿӍQKFDRQJKӋWKXұW
ӬQJ GөQJ Yj SKә ELӃQ KӋ WKӕQJ %uQK
TXkQOXұW
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX$9LYDOGL±
*+DQGHO±-6%DFK
±
ĈӅFDRWKӃJLӟLQӝLWkPYӟLQKӳQJFҧP[~FWLQK
WӃFӫDFRQQJѭӡLSKҧQiQKPkXWKXүQ[mKӝLYj
NKX\QKKѭӟQJWLӃQEӝFӫDWKӡLÿҥL
ÆP QKҥF WKLrQ YӅ WtQK WUӳ WuQK FҧP [~F Fi
QKkQQKѭWuQK\rXQӛLEXӗQVӵF{ÿѫQ«
&DNK~FJLӳYӏWUtTXDQWUӑQJWURQJÿӡLVӕQJ
kPQKҥF
;XҩWKLӋQQKLӅXWKӇORҥLQKӓFiFWLӇXSKҭP
WKtQKSKzQJFKRSLDQR
*LDRKѭӣQJFyWLrXÿӅYjQKҥFNӏFKOmQJPҥQ
SKiWWULӇQ
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX)6FKXEHUW±
)&KRSLQ±)/LV]W±
*%L]HW±3,7FKDLNRYVN\
±«
ÆPQKҥF&әÿLӇQ
1ӱDFXӕLWKӇNӍ;9,,,ÿӃQÿҫXWKӃNӍ;,;
+uQKWKjQKWUѭӡQJSKiLFәÿLӇQ9LrQ
ӣÈR
ÆPQKҥFFXQJÿuQKSKiWWULӇQWKjQKkP
QKҥFNLQKYLӋQ
.KtQKҥFSKiWWULӇQPҥQKPӁÿһFELӋWOj
JLDRKѭӣQJ7KDQKQKҥFSKiWWULӇQYӟL
WKӇORҥLQKҥFNӏFK
&ҩX WU~F WiF SKҭP KjL KRj FkQ ÿӕL
FQJOӕLYLӃWKRjWKDQKFKӫÿLӋX
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX&:*OXFN±
)-+D\GQ±:$
0R]DUW±/Y%HHWKRYHQ
±
ÆPQKҥF7KӃNӍ;;
;XҩW KLӋQ QKLӅX WUjR OѭX PӟL WURQJ QJKӋ
WKXұW ҨQ WѭӧQJ %LӇX KLӋQ 7kQ Fә ÿLӇQ
7LrQSKRQJ«
ÆP QKҥF SKiW WULӇQ PҥQK PӁ Fy WKrP
GzQJ QKҥF JLҧL WUt PDQJ WtQK ÿҥL FK~QJ
-D]]3RS5RFN5 %«
ÆPQKҥFNӃWKӧSYӟLFiFORҥLKuQKQJKӋ
WKXұWNKiF[XҩWKLӋQQKҥFFөÿLӋQWӱ«
ÆPQKҥFFKX\rQQJKLӋSÿѭӧFÿjRWҥRFy
KӋWKӕQJYjÿDGҥQJ
1KҥFVƭWLrXELӇX&'HEXVV\±
05DYHO±'6KRVWDNRYLFK
±«
%DQQKҥFYjFDVƭWLrXELӇX7KH%HDWOHV
$%%$%RQH\03DXO0DULDW%DFNVWUHHW
%R\V«
15
*LӟLWKLӋXPӝWVӕWiFJLҧWiFSKҭPWLrXELӇX
/9%HHWKRYHQFḰ˿QJJLDRḰͷQJVͩ
)&KRSLQ(WXGHFKRSLDQRVͩJLͥQJĈ{WK
'6KRVWDNRYLFKFḰ˿QJJLDRḰͷQJVͩ
1rXÿ{LQpWYӅFiFJLDLÿRҥQOӏFKVӱkPQKҥFSKѭѫQJ7k\
+m\NӇWrQPӝWVӕQKҥFVƭWLrXELӇXFӫDWӯQJJLDLÿRҥQ
(PKm\FKRELӃWFҧPQKұQVDXNKLQJKHPӝWVӕWiFSKҭPWUrQ
1*+(1+Ҥ&
75Ë&+Ĉ2Ҥ1&+ѬѪ1**,$2+̀Ͷ1*6ͨ
7È&*,Ҧ-26(3++$<'1
7uPKLӇXYjJLӟLWKLӋXYӅFXӝFÿӡLQKҥFVƭ-RVHSK+D\GQ
%ҧQ*LDRḰͷQJVͩÿѭӧF+D\GQKRjQWKjQKQăPWҥL/XkQĈ{QVDX
QKӳQJOҫQ{QJJKpWKăPQѭӟF$QK1Jj\QD\EҧQ*LDRḰͷQJVͩFӫD+D\GQ
YүQOjPӝWWURQJQKӳQJEҧQJLDRKѭӣQJÿѭӧFWUuQKGLӉQQKLӅXQKҩWWURQJFiFSKzQJ
KRjQKҥF
*LDLÿLӋXFKӫÿӅFKѭѫQJFӫDEҧQJLDRKѭӣQJGүQGҳWQJѭӡLQJKHOLrQWѭӣQJ
YӅkPWKDQKÿӅXÿһQFӫDÿӗQJKӗ%LJ%HQWҥL/XkQĈ{QFNJQJQKѭVӵFkQEҵQJJLӳD
WUtWXӋYjFҧP[~FFQJWtQKWKDQKOӏFKGX\rQGiQJFӫDJLӟLTXêWӝF$QKÿѭѫQJWKӡL
7UtFKJLDLÿLӋXFKӫÿӅFӫD&KѭѫQJ±*LDRḰͷQJ
6ѫÿӗ&KѭѫQJ±*LDRḰͷQJ
&KӫÿӅFKtQK
YLROLQ
OLӅQWLӃQJQKҽ
'jQGk\YjNqQEDVVRRQ
Qҧ\WLӃQJ[HQNӁJLӳD
PҥQKYjQKҽ
.qQRERH
OLӅQWLӃQJ
QKҽ
&KӫÿӅFKtQK
YLROLQYjÀXWH
OLӅQWLӃQJQKҽ
(PKm\QrXFҧPQKұQYӅFKѭѫQJFӫDEҧQ*LDRḰͷQJ
6ѭXWҫPYj[HPPӝWYjLEҧQQKҥFÿѭӧFELӇXGLӉQEӣLGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
WUrQLQWHUQHW
16
75,Æ17+Ҫ<&Ð
CHỦ ĐỀ
2
<Ç8&Ҫ8&Ҫ1ĈҤ7
Ì +iW+iWÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝVҳFWKiLYjOӡLFDELӇXOӝFҧP[~FSKKӧSYӟL
WtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFFӫDEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{%LӃWÿLӅXWLӃWKѫLWKӣKӧSOtPӣUӝQJkP
YӵFGX\WUuÿѭӧFWӕFÿӝәQÿӏQKELӃWKiWWKHRKuQKWKӭFWӕSFD
Ì 1KҥFFө%LӃWNӃWKӧSQKҥFFөJ}WLӃWWҩXQKҥFFөWKӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋXYjKRjkPÿӇ
KRjWҩX7KӇKLӋQÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝ%LӃWÿLӅXFKӍQKFѭӡQJÿӝÿӇWҥRQrQVӵ
KjLKRj
Ì ĈӑFQKҥFĈӑFÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝFӫD%jLÿͥFQK̹FVͩ
Ì /tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF1KұQELӃWÿѭӧFÿLӋXWKӭFJDPJLӑQJ
Ì 7KѭӡQJWKӭFkPQKҥF1rXÿѭӧFPӝWVӕÿһFÿLӇPFӫDkPQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
17
HÁT
(PKm\WUuQKEj\PӝWEjLKiWFyFKӫÿӅYӅWKҫ\F{YjPiLWUѭӡQJPjHPÿm
ÿѭӧFKӑF
1+ӞѪ17+Ҫ<&Ð
1K̩FYjOͥL1JX\͍Q1J͕F7KL͏Q
! *!% "
%
+8
7
& 54
=( )
'.
: 9
0+
-8
=
< ! +
'
'<
;
: $
5 5, ) !
5
4
2
8
;
7
'6
*
,
. -& -
"
(
1
! )
2
0 ! *!%
"
-
% +, !
9(
6
. 4 !3
0
, '(
/%
%
)
-.
' !"
!"#
'( #$
$ )
&
$
%
% !
, &
3 .
%jLKiW1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{ÿѭӧFQKҥFVƭ1JX\ӉQ1JӑF7KLӋQViQJWiFQăP
,
./
PDQJWtQKFKҩWWUӳWuQKJLDLÿLӋXQKҽQKjQJWKDWKLӃWFDWӯFKkQWKjQKWKӇKLӋQ
WuQKFҧPTXêPӃQWKҫ\F{YjJӧLQKӟNӍQLӋPÿҽSYӅQKӳQJWKiQJQăPKӗQQKLrQ
GѭӟLPiLWUѭӡQJ
%jLKiWFyFҩXWU~FKDLÿRҥQÿRҥQÿѭӧFYLӃWӣJLӑQJ0LWKӭÿRҥQYLӃWӣ
1 $
JLӑQJ0LWUѭӣQJ
"
2
+
*
'
1JKHYұQÿӝQJWKHRQKӏSÿLӋXYjQrXFҧPQKұQFӫDHPYӅEjLKiW
18
7ұSKiWEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{
t (PKm\[iFÿӏQKFiFFkXQKҥFWURQJWӯQJÿRҥQFӫDEjLKiW
t +iWU}OӡLÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝ
t 7KӇKLӋQWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFWѭѫQJSKҧQJLӳDÿRҥQWURQJEjLKiW
+iWEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{YӟLKuQKWKӭFÿѫQFDӣÿRҥQYjWӕSFDӣÿRҥQ
6iQJWҥRÿӝQJWiFYұQÿӝQJWKHRQKӏSÿLӋXFӫDEjLKiW1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{
(PKm\ÿiQKQKӏSWKHRVѫÿӗQKӏS FKRFiFEҥQFQJKiWEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{
1+Ҥ&&Ө
6ӱGөQJQKҥFFөJ}KRһFYӛWD\ÿӇÿӋPFKRÿRҥQFӫDEjLKiW1Kͳ˿Q
WK̿\F{QKyPWKӵFKLӋQWKHRWLӃWWҩXOӡLFDQKyPWKHRQKӏS
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQWLӃWWҩX
7KӇKLӋQPүXWLӃWWҩXVDXEҵQJPDUDFDVYjWDPERXULQH
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋX
7KӇKLӋQJLDLÿLӋXVDXEҵQJQKҥFFөSKKӧS
9ͳDSK̫L
19
1KҥFFөWKӇKLӋQKRjkP
7KӇKLӋQFiFKӧSkPVDXEҵQJÿjQXNXOHOH
Em
$P
%
2
2
2
1ӕLWLӃSFiFKӧSkPWKHRkPKuQKWLӃWWҩX
7D\SKҧLJҧ\OrQ
+RjWҩXQKҥFFөWKHRPүXVDX
1KҥFFө
WKӇKLӋQ
JLDLÿLӋX
8NXOHOH
0DUDFDV
7DPERXULQH
20
t ĈLӅXFKӍQKFѭӡQJÿӝÿӇWҥRQrQVӵKjLKRjNKLKRjWҩX
t /XkQSKLrQVӱGөQJFiFQKҥFFөJ}NKiFQKDXNKLFKѫLKRjWҩX
6iQJWҥRÿӝQJWiFYұQÿӝQJFѫWKӇSKKӧSYӟLWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFFӫDSKҫQ
KRjWҩXQKҥFFө
ĈӐ&1+Ҥ&
ĈӑFFiFQKyPkPFӫDJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJVDXÿk\
ĈӑFTXmQJTXmQJWKHRKuQKWLӃWWҩX
21
*}WLӃWWҩX
%q
%q
t 6ӱGөQJQKҥFFөJ}KRһFYӛWD\WKHRWLӃWWҩXWӯQJEq
t &KLDQKyPWKӵFKLӋQEq
%jLÿӑFQKҥFVӕ
%LrQVR̩Q7U̯QĈͱF
ĈӑF%jLÿͥFQK̹FVͩNӃWKӧSÿiQKQKӏS
/Ë7+8<ӂ7
Æ01+Ҥ&
Ĉ,ӊ87+Ӭ&±*$0±*,Ӑ1*
1JKHEjLKiW7XͭLÿ͵LPrQKP{QJQKҥFYjOӡL7UӏQK&{QJ6ѫQYjQrXFҧP
QKұQFӫDHPYӅVӵWKD\ÿәLWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFJLӳDÿRҥQYjÿRҥQ
ĈLӋXWKӭF
D.KiLQLӋPĈLӋXWKӭFOjKӋWKӕQJFiFPӕLWѭѫQJTXDQJLӳDkPәQÿӏQKYjkP
NK{QJәQÿӏQKJLӳDkPFKӫYӟLFiFkPNKiFWKHRPӝWTX\OXұWQKҩWÿӏQK
E&iFEұFFӫDÿLӋXWKӭF&iFEұFWURQJÿLӋXWKӭFÿѭӧFNtKLӋXEҵQJVӕ/D0m
7URQJÿyEұF,EұF,9YjEұF9OjEDEұFFKtQKFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFFiFEұF,,,,,9,9,,
OjQKӳQJEұFSKө
FĈLӋXWKӭFWUѭӣQJ±ĈLӋXWKӭFWKӭ7URQJkPQKҥFFyQKLӅXORҥLÿLӋXWKӭFNKiF
QKDXWX\QKLrQORҥLÿLӋXWKӭFEҧ\kPWUѭӣQJ±WKӭÿѭӧFGQJSKәELӃQQKҩW
22
ĈL͟XWKFWÚͷQJFyWKӭWӵVҳS[ӃSFiFFXQJYjQӱDFXQJJLӳDFiFEұFQKѭVDX
ĈL͟XWKFWKFyWKӭWӵVҳS[ӃSFiFFXQJYjQӱDFXQJJLӳDFiFEұFQKѭVDX
*DP
.KiLQLӋP6ӵVҳS[ӃSFiFEұFFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFWKHRWKӭWӵWӯWKҩSOrQFDRKD\Wӯ
FDR[XӕQJWKҩSWtQKWӯkPFKӫEұF,ÿӃQkPFKӫӣTXmQJWiPOLӅQNӅJӑLOjJDP
&iFkPWKDQKKӧSWKjQKJDPJӑLOjFiFEͅF%ұFFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFFNJQJOjEұFFӫD
JDPYjÿѭӧFNtKLӋXEҵQJFKӳVӕ/D0m
9tGөFiFEұFFӫDJDPĈ{WUѭӣQJ
*LӑQJ
D.KiLQLӋP*LӑQJOjÿLӋXWKӭFÿmÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKkPFKӫYjFDRÿӝQKҩWÿӏQK
*LӑQJÿѭӧFJӑLEҵQJWrQkPFKӫFQJYӟLWtQKFKҩWÿLӋXWKӭF
9tGө
±*LӑQJĈ{WUѭӣQJFykPFKӫOjkPĈ{YjWtQKFKҩWFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFOjWUѭӣQJ
±*LӑQJ/DWKӭFykPFKӫOjkP/DYjWtQKFKҩWFӫDÿLӋXWKӭFOjWKӭ
E7tQKFKҩWFӫDJLӑQJ
±*LӑQJWUѭӣQJWKѭӡQJFyWtQKFKҩWPҥQKPӁNKRҿNKRҳQWѭѫLViQJ
±*LӑQJWKӭWKѭӡQJFyWtQKFKҩWPӅPPҥLQKҽQKjQJWUӳWuQK
+m\QrXNKiLQLӋPÿLӋXWKӭF
+m\FKRELӃWWKӭWӵVҳS[ӃSFXQJYjQӱDFXQJJLӳDFiFEұFFӫDÿLӋXWKӭF
WUѭӣQJÿLӋXWKӭFWKӭ
+iWEjL1Kͳ˿QWK̿\F{YjQrXFҧPQKұQFӫDHPYӅWtQKFKҩWJLӳDKDLÿRҥQ
QKҥFWURQJEjL
23
7+ѬӠ1*7+Ӭ&
Æ01+Ҥ&
0Ӝ76ӔĈҺ&Ĉ,ӆ0&Ӫ$Æ01+Ҥ&*,$2+ѬӢ1*
1JKHYj[HPWUtFKÿRҥQFKѭѫQJ,*LDRḰͷQJVͩFӫD:ROIJDQJ$PDGHXV
0R]DUW[iFÿӏQKPӝWVӕQKҥFFөGLӉQWҩX
.KiLQLӋP1KҥFJLDRKѭӣQJV\PSKRQ\PXVLFOjPӝWWURQJQKӳQJWKӇORҥL
OӟQYLӃWFKRQKҥFFөYjÿѭӧFGLӉQWҩXEҵQJGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
7iFSKҭPJLDRKѭӣQJEDRJӗPQKLӅXWKӇORҥLQKѭWәNK~FJLDRKѭӣQJOLrQNK~F
JLDRKѭӣQJWKѫJLDRKѭӣQJFRQFHUWR
ĈһFÿLӇPFӫDWKӇORҥLJLDRKѭӣQJ
9͙QͱLGXQJ7KӇORҥLJLDRKѭӣQJUҩWÿDGҥQJYӅQӝLGXQJWKѭӡQJÿӅFұSÿӃQ
QKӳQJYҩQÿӅFyWtQK[mKӝLWtQKWULӃWKӑFFKӭDÿӵQJ[XQJÿӝWNӏFKWtQKPҥQKPӁ
QKѭVӵÿҩXWUDQKJLӳDVӵVӕQJYjFiLFKӃWJLӳDÿDXWKѭѫQJYjKLYӑQJJLӳDFKLӃQ
WUDQKYjKRjEuQKKD\QKӳQJFҧP[~FWUѭӟFYҿÿҽSWKLrQQKLrQKQJYƭ
9͙ KuQK WKF 0ӝW WiF SKҭP JLDR KѭӣQJ WKѭӡQJ Fy EӕQ FKѭѫQJ WѭѫQJ SKҧQ
YӅWӕFÿӝÿLӋXWtQKFiFKELӇXKLӋQ+uQKWKӭFPӛLFKѭѫQJWѭѫQJÿӕLÿӝFOұS
OLrQNӃWYӟLQKDXWKHRPӝWPҥFKQӝLGXQJFKXQJ
&iFQKҥFFөYjYӏWUtFӫDFK~QJWURQJGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
'jQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJWKѭӡQJFyQKLӅXQKҥFFөÿѭӧFSKkQFKLDWKjQKEӕQEӝEӝ
Gk\EӝJӛEӝÿӗQJEӝJ}7UrQVkQNKҩXYӏWUtFiFEӝÿѭӧFVҳS[ӃSWKHRPӝWWUұW
WӵQKҩWÿӏQK6ӵSKӕLKӧSFiFEӝWURQJGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJWҥRQrQVӵÿDGҥQJ
YӅPjXVҳFkPWKDQKVӵSKRQJSK~YӅNKҧQăQJELӇXÿҥW'jQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
ÿѭӧFWUuQKGLӉQGѭӟLVӵFKӍKX\FӫDPӝWQKҥFWUѭӣQJ
D1KҥFFөWURQJFiFEӝFӫDGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
%ӝGk\
9LROLQ9LROD&HOOR'RXEOHEDVV
%ӝJӛ
3LFFROR)OXWH2ERH&ODULQHW%DVVRRQ
%ӝÿӗQJ
)UHQFK+RUQ7UXPSHW7URPERQH7XED
%ӝJ}
24
6QDUHGUXP%DVVGUXP7LPSDQL&\PEDO*RQJ;\ORSKRQH%HOOV
E9ӏWUtFiFQKҥFFөWURQJGjQQKҥFJLDRKѭӣQJ
7LPSDQL
%DVVGUXP
&\PEDO
*RQJ
;\ORSKRQH
6QDUHGUXP
%HOOV
7UXPSHWV
R
+
FK
HQ
)U
V
UQ
2ERHV
)OXWHV
7UR
P
ERQ
%DVV&ODULQHW
&ODULQHWV
%DVVEDVVRRQ
%D
9LRODV
VV
D
7XE
RR
QV
9LR
OL
QV
3LFFROR
HV
&KӍKX\GjQQKҥF
&HOORV
EӝGk\
EӝJӛ
EӝÿӗQJ
'RXEOHEDVVHV
EӝJ}
+uQK6˿ÿͫGjQQK̹FJLDRḰͷQJ
7iFSKҭPJLDRKѭӣQJFyQKӳQJWKӇORҥLQjR"
(PKm\NӇWrQFiFQKҥFFөWURQJEӝGk\EӝJӛEӝÿӗQJEӝJ}FӫDGjQQKҥF
JLDRKѭӣQJ
(PKm\QJKHYjNӇWrQPӝWVӕQKҥFFөGLӉQWҩXWURQJFKѭѫQJJLDRKѭӣQJ
4XrḰ˿QJFӫDQKҥFVƭ+RjQJ9LӋW
+m\VѭXWҫPPӝWVӕWiFSKҭPJLDRKѭӣQJ9LӋW1DPYLGHRPSYjJLӟLWKLӋX
ÿӃQFiFEҥQ
25
48Ç+ѬѪ1*7ѬѪ,ĈҼ3
CHỦ ĐỀ
3
<Ç8&Ҫ8&Ҫ1ĈҤ7
Ì +iW+iWÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝVҳFWKiLYjOӡLFDELӇXOӝFҧP[~FSKKӧSYӟL
WtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFFӫDEjL/tÿ̽WGzQJELӃWKiWNӃWKӧSKuQKWKӭFÿѫQFDYjWӕSFD
Ì 1KҥFFө%LӃWNӃWKӧSQKҥFFөJ}WLӃWWҩXÿӇÿӋPKiWFKREjL/tÿ̽WGzQJ7KӇKLӋQ
ÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝYjQKӏSÿӝFӫDEjL
Ì ĈӑFQKҥFĈӑFÿ~QJFDRÿӝWUѭӡQJÿӝFӫD%jLÿͥFQK̹FVͩ
Ì /tWKX\ӃWkPQKҥF1KұQELӃWÿѭӧFJLӑQJ6RQWUѭӣQJYj0LWKӭ
Ì 1JKHQKҥF%LӃWOҳQJQJKHYjELӇXOӝFҧP[~FFҧPQKұQÿѭӧFYҿÿҽSJLiWUӏ
QJKӋWKXұWFӫDEjLGkQFD/tKRjLQDP
26
HÁT
(PKm\KiWFKRWKҫ\F{YjEҥQEqQJKHPӝWEjLGkQFD1DP%ӝPjHPELӃWYj
QrXWtQKFKҩWkPQKҥFFӫDEjLÿy
/ËĈҨ7'Ñ1*
'kQFD1DP%ӝ
9ͳDSK̫L±7UͷWuQK6˱XW̯P±.tkP7U̯Q.L͇W7˱ͥQJ
23
(1
", 25
", 25 "
.
",
4
!
- - * ()
+
",
$ $
& '
#%
23
0 (
"#
(1
/%
,
...
 









Các ý kiến mới nhất