CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG (PASSIVE FORM)

I,Định nghĩa
- Câu bị động là câu mà chủ thể không tự thực hiện được hành động
II, Cấu trúc câu bị động
- Câu chủ động : S + V + O
 Câu bị động : Schỉ vật + tobe + Vpp (+ by + O)*
Eg: I am buy this book  This book is bought by I
Lưu ý : Nếu chủ ngữ chưa xác định và các đại từ bất định thì không được dùng by + O
- Đối với câu hỏi bị động
+ Câu chủ động : Be + S + V + O?
 Câu bị động : Be + S(chỉ vật) + Vpp (+ by O)?
Eg: Has he repaired his car for hours?
 Has his car been repaired for hours?
III, Các cấu trúc theo thì
1, Thì hiện tại đơn
-S+V+O
 S + tobe + Vpp + (by+O)
Eg: She reads a book every week.
 A book is read every week
+ I buy a pen on the way home.
 A pen is bought by I on the way home
2, Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
- S + be + Ving + O
 S+ tobe + being + Vpp + (by + O)
Eg: She is wearing a school uniform.
 A school uniform is being worn
+ My brother is writing an essay.
 An essay is being written by my mother
+ My mother is cooking the dinner in the evening
 The dinner is being cooked by my mother in the evening
3, Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
- S + was/were + Ving + O
 S + was/were + being + Vpp + (by + O)
Eg: I was doing my homework at that time.
 My homework was being done by I at the time
+ Students were planting trees.
 These trees were being planted
+ My friends were won the competition

 The competition was winner by my friends
4, Thì quá khứ đơn
- S + was/were/VQKĐ + O
 S + was/were + Vpp + (by + O)
Eg: I ate a hamburger for lunch.
 A hamburger was eaten by I for lunch
+ She didn't tell you the truth.
 The truth wasn't told to you
5, Thì hiện tại hoàn thành
- S + have/has + Vpp + O
 S + have/has + been + Vpp +(by + O)
Eg: They have built this house since 2007
 This house has been built since 2007
+ They have selected the offical songs for the Sea Games 22, Vietnam
 The offical songs has been selected for the Sea Games 22, Vietnam
+ My mom have made this lunch box for me.
 This lunch box has been made by my mom for me
6, Thì quá khứ hoàn thành
- S+ had + Vpp + O
 S+ had been + Vpp (by +O)
Eg: A poor man in that town had won a lottery.
A lottery had been won by a poor man in that town.
+ They had built the house for ages.
The house had been built for ages.
7, Thì tương lai đơn
- S + will + V + O
 S+ will be + Vpp (by + O)
Eg: Our boss will hold a meeting tomorrow.
 A meeting will be held by our boss tomorrow.
+ The businessman will buy that expensive car soon.
 That expensive car will be bought by the businessman soon.
8, Thì tương lai gần
- S + be going to + V + O
 S + be going to + be + Vpp (by + O)
Eg: My family is going to spend the 5-day holiday in Da Lat.
The 5-day holiday is going to be spent in Da Lat by my family.
+ We are going to bake a delicious cake for our friend's birthday.
A delicious cake is going to be baked for our friend's birthday

IV, Các dạng đặc biệt của câu bị động
1,Câu bị động với 2 tân ngữ
- S + V + O 1 + O2
TH1: S+ be + Vpp + O1
TH2: S+ be + Vpp + giới từ + O2
Eg: Tommy bought his wife a trench coat yesterday.
Tommy's wife was bought a beautiful trench coat yesterday.
A beautiful trench coat was bought for Tommy's wife yesterday.
+ My dad gave me a new phone on my 18th birthday.
I was given a new phone on my 18th birthday by my dad.
A new phone was given to me on my 18th birthday by my dad.
2, Câu bị động với câu mệnh lệnh
TH1: V + O!
 Let + O + be + VQKĐ!
Eg: Turn down the radio!
Let the radio be turned off!
+ Close your book!
Let your book be closed!
TH2: It's necessary to + V
S+ should/must + be + VQKĐ
Eg: It's necessary to protect the wild animal.
The wild animal should be protected.
+ It's necessary to stop cutting down trees.
Cutting down trees must be stopped.
3, Câu bị động với câu sai khiến (nhờ ai làm gì)
TH1:  S + have + sb + V
S + have + st + VQKĐ + by sb
Eg: My mother got me to sweep the floor.
 My mother got the floor swept by me.
+ My father gets me to pick my younger brother up after school everyday.
 My father gets my younger brother picked up after school by me
everyday.
4, Câu bị động với 2 mệnh đề và 2 cách chuyển
- S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + O
It is + V1(chia theo thì V2) + that + S2 + V2 + O
S2 + be + V1(chia theo thì V2) + to V/to have VQKĐ
Eg: People believe that the government should do something to help the
poor.

 It is believed that the government should do something to help the poor.
The government is believe to do something to help the poor
+ People told that someone has stolen the painting.
  It was told that someone has stolen the painting.
 Someone was told to have stole the painting
5, Câu bị động với make và let allow
a, make
- S + make + sb + V + O
 Sb + be + made + to V + (by + O)
Eg: My teammates make me do the presentation on my own.
 I am made to do the presentation on my own by my teammates.
+ They make me cook for everyone at the party alone.
  I am made to cook for everyone at the party alone.
b, let/allow
- S + let/allow + Sb + V + O.
 Sb + be + let/allowed + to V + O.
Eg: My parents allow me to go out until 11 p.m.
 I am allowed to go out until 11 p.m by my parents.
+ My friends let me choose a restaurant for our dinner.
  I am let to choose a restaurant for our dinner by my friends.
6, Câu bị động với động từ khiếm khuyết
- S + modal V + O
 S + modal V + be + V3 (+ by O)
Eg: We can't see the words on the board.
 The words on the board can't be seen by us.
+ His careless driving may cause an accident.
 An accident may be caused by his careless driving.
+ You must wear a helmet when driving a motorcycle.
 A helmet must be worn when driving a motorcycle.
7, Câu bị động với need
- S + Need + to V/Ving + O
S + Need + to V/Ving
Eg: You need to cut your hair soon.
 Your hair needs to cut.